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Exam 14: Genes, Development, and Evolution

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Question 41

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The process by which signaling molecules from one tissue (or group of cells) affect the development of adjacent tissue is called

A) cytoplasmic segregation.
B) morphogenesis.
C) transplantation.
D) differentiation.
E) induction.

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Question 42

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If the anchor cell is destroyed in the embryo of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans,the most likely outcome will be that

A) no vulva will form.
B) no anchorettes will form.
C) secondary vulval precursors will become primary vulval cells.
D) another cell will differentiate into an anchor cell.
E) signals from the nematode's environment will direct epidermal cells to become a vulva.

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Question 43

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Which statement about pattern formation in an embryo is true?

Drosophila that are homozygous for a loss-of-function mutation of swallow develop normally.If a male that is homozygous for this mutant allele mates with a female that is homozygous for the normal allele,offspring of both sexes develop normally and survive to adulthood.In the reciprocal cross,offspring die before completing early embryonic development because their heads do not develop normally.From this information,one can infer that swallow is most likely a

Which statement about Hox genes is false?

Humans have seven cervical vertebrae.Giraffes,by comparison have longer necks than humans because they have

Which trait is most conducive to parallel phenotypic evolution?

In your own body,which tissue is likely to contain the least amount of stem cells?

If a fly embryo has a mutation in one of its _______ genes,this mutation is unlikely to affect its development.

Imagine you are working on a sea urchin embryo after gastrulation has begun.You isolate some of the cells that are inside the blastula.They look unspecialized,but when you culture them in a dish outside of the embryo,they secrete skeletal spicules similar to those they would have eventually formed if they had remained in the embryo.From these results,you could propose that when you isolated these cells,they were already

Which of the following distinguishes insects from other arthropods such as centipedes?

The "top" of a zygote is often referred to as the _______ pole;the "bottom" is often referred to as the _______ pole.

Ubx expression _______ wing development and _______ haltere development in dipterans.

In the normal course of development in Arabidopsis,a particular group of cells should develop into carpel tissue.If the expression of class B genes were also induced in those cells,they would develop into _______ tissue.

The process by which the developmental fate of a cell is established is called

Which statement about Hox genes is true?

Which statement about the processes of development is true?

The process of cytoplasmic segregation would help to answer which question?

In a hypothetical developmental biology experiment,researchers place a nonporous barrier between the alpha ludens (a made-up structure) and tissues that are supposed to develop into the beta ludens (also a made-up structure) .If the beta ludens _______,it is most likely that signals from the alpha ludens are acting as _______ of the beta ludens.

Which statement about development is true?