Question 1

Sandy finds it harder to frown when watching her brother smile than when seeing him frown.Scientists are currently debating whether this can be attributed to the activation of

Accepted Answer

A)   instinctive drift.
B)   extrinsic motives.
C)   mirror neurons.
D)   cognitive maps.

Question 2

According to some researchers,a televised fistfight may lead viewers to mentally simulate fistfighting thanks to the activation of

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive maps.
B)   mirror neurons.
C)   instinctive drift.
D)   taste aversions.

Question 3

The use of physical punishment may

Accepted Answer

A)   lead to the suppression but not the forgetting of undesirable behavior.
B)   model aggression as a way of coping with problems.
C)   lead people to fear and avoid the punishing agent.
D)   have all of these results.

Question 4

Because Mr.Baron demonstrates appreciation only for very good classroom answers,his students have stopped participating in class.Mr.Baron most clearly needs to be informed of the value of

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization.
B)   spontaneous recovery.
C)   shaping.
D)   partial reinforcement.

Question 5

The reappearance,after a time lapse,of an extinguished CR is called

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization.
B)   spontaneous recovery.
C)   discrimination.
D)   higher-order conditioning.

Question 6

Neuroscientists have discovered mirror neurons in the

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal lobe adjacent to the motor cortex.
B)   temporal lobe adjacent to the auditory cortex.
C)   parietal lobe adjacent to the sensory cortex.
D)   occipital lobe adjacent to the visual cortex.

Question 7

By directly experiencing a thunderstorm,we learn that a flash of lightning signals an impending crash of thunder.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning.
B)   spontaneous recovery.
C)   observational learning.
D)   classical conditioning.

Question 8

When Evie saw that her classmates got the teacher's attention after asking questions in class,Evie started asking questions in class.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule.
B)   cognitive maps.
C)   classical conditioning.
D)   vicarious reinforcement.

Question 9

Alex learned how to make 3-point basketball shots by successfully making very short shots before shooting from increasingly longer distances from the hoop.This learning strategy best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   variable-interval scheduling.
B)   delayed reinforcement.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   shaping.

Question 10

The infant Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was associated with a loud noise.In this example,fear of the white rat was the

Accepted Answer

A)   US.
B)   UR.
C)   CS.
D)   CR.

Question 11

Animals tend to revert from newly learned habits to their biologically predisposed behaviors.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   latent learning.
B)   instinctive drift.
C)   intrinsic motivation.
D)   modeling.

Question 12

In classical conditioning,an organism forms associations between

Accepted Answer

A)   immediate and delayed reinforcers.
B)   events that it does not control.
C)   primary and secondary reinforcers.
D)   its own behavior and resulting outcomes.

Question 13

Money is to food as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   delayed reinforcer;immediate reinforcer
B)   secondary reinforcer;primary reinforcer
C)   discrimination;generalization
D)   partial reinforcement;continuous reinforcement

Question 14

A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   delayed reinforcer;immediate reinforcer
B)   operant conditioning;classical conditioning
C)   partial reinforcement;continuous reinforcement
D)   conditioned reinforcer;primary reinforcer

Question 15

The stage of classical conditioning when a neutral stimulus first begins triggering a conditioned response is called

Accepted Answer

A)   association.
B)   acquisition.
C)   observational learning.
D)   discrimination.

Question 16

Many psychologists have criticized Skinner for discounting the influence of ________ on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned stimuli
B)   associative learning
C)   conditioned stimuli
D)   private thought processes

Question 17

The desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment involves

Accepted Answer

A)   latent learning.
B)   extrinsic motivation.
C)   classical conditioning.
D)   a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule.

Question 18

After a scary biking accident,Alex extinguished his conditioned fear of bikes by cycling on a safe biking trail every day for a week.The reappearance of his previously extinguished fear when he rode a bike on the same trail two weeks later best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   discrimination.
B)   operant behavior.
C)   generalization.
D)   spontaneous recovery.

Question 19

Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Watson;modeling
B)   Skinner;latent learning
C)   Bandura;observational learning
D)   Garcia;computer-assisted instruction

Question 20

Repeated exposure to sexually violent movies leads viewers to experience

Accepted Answer

A)   more sympathy for victims of domestic violence and to become more upset by the sight of real-life violence.
B)   less sympathy for victims of domestic violence and to become less upset by the sight of real-life violence.
C)   more sympathy for victims of domestic violence and to become less upset by the sight of real-life violence.
D)   less sympathy for victims of domestic violence and to become more upset by the sight of real-life violence.

Exam 8: Learning

The use of physical punishment may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By directly experiencing a thunderstorm,we learn that a flash of lightning signals an impending crash of thunder.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a scary biking accident,Alex extinguished his conditioned fear of bikes by cycling on a safe biking trail every day for a week.The reappearance of his previously extinguished fear when he rode a bike on the same trail two weeks later best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The infant Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was associated with a loud noise.In this example,fear of the white rat was the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repeated exposure to sexually violent movies leads viewers to experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because Mr.Baron demonstrates appreciation only for very good classroom answers,his students have stopped participating in class.Mr.Baron most clearly needs to be informed of the value of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many psychologists have criticized Skinner for discounting the influence of ________ on behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alex learned how to make 3-point basketball shots by successfully making very short shots before shooting from increasingly longer distances from the hoop.This learning strategy best illustrates the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning,an organism forms associations between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reappearance,after a time lapse,of an extinguished CR is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neuroscientists have discovered mirror neurons in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to some researchers,a televised fistfight may lead viewers to mentally simulate fistfighting thanks to the activation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Money is to food as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Evie saw that her classmates got the teacher's attention after asking questions in class,Evie started asking questions in class.This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animals tend to revert from newly learned habits to their biologically predisposed behaviors.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stage of classical conditioning when a neutral stimulus first begins triggering a conditioned response is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sandy finds it harder to frown when watching her brother smile than when seeing him frown.Scientists are currently debating whether this can be attributed to the activation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Pavlov is to classical conditioning as is to .

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A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as is to .

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Money is to food as is to .

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