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Difficulty perceiving facial emotions and reading others' state of mind is characteristic of most of those suffering from


A) schizophrenia.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) dissociative identity disorder.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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An altered state of consciousness similar to that of a near-death experience is most likely to result from the use of


A) heroin.
B) cocaine.
C) marijuana.
D) LSD.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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After two years of regularly smoking cigarettes,Lynette is preparing to quit.Which of the following symptoms of nicotine withdrawal is she most likely to experience when she first discontinues smoking?


A) anxiety
B) drowsiness
C) diminished appetite
D) insensitivity to pain

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n)


A) decrease in self-focused thinking.
B) increased expectation of negative outcomes.
C) increased externalization of blame.
D) increased obsession with experiencing physical pleasure.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Near-death experiences are


A) typically triggered by the release of endorphins.
B) often accompanied by visions of bright lights.
C) recalled by nearly all who have been revived from a cardiac arrest.
D) a clear indication of a substance use disorder.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Disorganized speech and delusions are ________ symptoms of schizophrenia.


A) negative
B) epigenetic
C) dissociated
D) positive

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The major problem associated with explanations of psychological disorders in terms of evil spirits or demon possession is that these explanations


A) were relevant only to severe disorders such as schizophrenia.
B) encouraged many to believe there was no such thing as insanity.
C) led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments.
D) relieved people of personal responsibility for their own behavior.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Persistent avoidance of social situations because of an intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others is most characteristic of


A) panic disorder.
B) social anxiety disorder.
C) free-floating anxiety.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of


A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) antisocial personality disorder.
D) dissociative disorders.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Loss of oxygen or extreme sensory deprivation produces perceptual distortions most similar to those produced by consuming


A) morphine.
B) LSD.
C) barbiturates.
D) methamphetamine.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When heavy coffee drinkers skip their usual caffeine,they experience the effects of ________ when a headache strikes.


A) reuptake
B) withdrawal
C) disinhibition
D) dehydration

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Cecil is preoccupied with thoughts of jumping out the window of his tenth-floor apartment.To reduce his anxiety,he frequently counts his heartbeats aloud.Cecil would most likely be diagnosed as experiencing


A) panic disorder.
B) social anxiety disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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During prenatal development,nutritional deprivation may influence the expression of certain genes that are known to increase the risk of specific physical and psychological disorders.This best illustrates the impact of


A) stimulus generalization.
B) epigenetic factors.
C) an impaired theory of mind.
D) dissociation.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Professor McIntosh emphasizes that depression often involves the interactive influences of self-focused thinking,rejection from others,and low serotonin levels.The professor's emphasis best illustrates


A) the medical model.
B) the social-cultural perspective.
C) epigenetics.
D) the biopsychosocial approach.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The brains of people who suffer from depression tend to have low levels of


A) glutamate.
B) GABA.
C) acetylcholine.
D) serotonin.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Nicotine triggers a(n) ________ in anxiety and a(n) ________ in mental alertness.


A) increase;decrease
B) increase;increase
C) decrease;decrease
D) decrease;increase

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Patrick,who has been diagnosed as suffering from social anxiety disorder,is likely to experience


A) recurring haunting memories and feelings of worthlessness and jumpy anxiety.
B) the overwhelming urge to repeatedly wash his hands to avoid being contaminated by other people's germs.
C) a paralyzing fear of confined areas such as elevators or small rooms.
D) a paralyzing fear of performing even routine behaviors in public situations such as speaking or eating in a restaurant.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Omar is so preoccupied by his fear of germs that he always keeps his car and apartment windows sealed tightly,refuses to allow anyone into his apartment,carries his own silverware whenever he eats away from home,and washes his hands every time he touches anything that has been touched by someone else.Omar would most likely be diagnosed with


A) panic disorder.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) agoraphobia.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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A monkey responds more strongly to stress if its close biological relatives have sensitive


A) explanatory styles.
B) temperaments.
C) repressions.
D) resiliency.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Melissa has been depressed for the last two months.However,over the past couple of days she has become euphoric and hyperactive,and she runs around the apartment complex claiming that she alone could solve the world's energy problems.Melissa is suffering from


A) major depressive disorder.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.
D) dissociative identity disorder.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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