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DeBruine (2002) found that when students played an interactive game with a supposed other player,participants were ________ when the other person's pictured face had some features of their own face morphed into it.


A) more trusting but less generous
B) more trusting and more generous
C) less trusting but more generous
D) less trusting and less generous

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Which is NOT one of the factors that influence a person's helping behavior?


A) the number of bystanders
B) impact biases
C) time pressures
D) prosocial models

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Austin,a young chemist,notices smoke in an adjacent room while working in his laboratory and panics.However,his colleagues look very calm.He quickly tries to regain his cool as he thinks his colleagues may tease him for being worried for such a small incident.According to the studies on misinterpretations by Gilovich,Savitsky,and Medvec (1998) ,which of the following is exhibited by Austin in this scenario?


A) an illusion of transparency
B) the bystander effect
C) self-awareness
D) the spotlight effect

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In the context of evolutionary psychology,which of the following is true of kin selection?


A) Children have more at stake in the survival of their parents' genes than the parents themselves.
B) Parents will generally be more devoted to their children than their children are to them.
C) Fraternal twins are noticeably more mutually supportive than genetically identical twins.
D) Identical twins are half as likely as fraternal twins to cooperate with their twin for a shared gain.

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Joshua,a student at a medical school,gets help from his roommate to fix a chair,and Joshua helps his roommate with the laundry.According to the social-exchange theory,Joshua and his roommate exhibit ________ in this scenario.


A) an illusion of transparency
B) a pluralistic ignorance
C) the reciprocity norm
D) the social-responsibility norm

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Beshoi and Habiba,a middle-aged couple,are immigrants from Egypt and have been staying in the same neighborhood for the last seven years.They need to go to their native country to visit their ailing parents,and their neighbors offer to watch over the house while the couple is away.According to the social-exchange theory,which of the following is exhibited in this scenario?


A) a pluralistic ignorance
B) the reciprocity norm
C) the social-responsibility norm
D) the social capital

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When people need our help,we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to:


A) a lack of motivation.
B) circumstances beyond their control.
C) poor planning or foresight.
D) their mood or disposition.

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A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?


A) You must check if the stranger is related to you or your family.
B) You must assume responsibility for helping.
C) You must notice the stranger.
D) You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.

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The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as:


A) nominative determinism.
B) altruistic selection.
C) kin selection.
D) self-serving helpfulness.

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A classmate of Bianca's wants to borrow Bianca's notes to study for an upcoming exam.In the context of the social-responsibility norm,research suggests that Bianca will most likely agree if the classmate says she needs the notes because she:


A) takes inadequate notes.
B) does not like this class as well as her other courses.
C) has been absent due to an illness.
D) has not been able to concentrate in class.

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Helping ________ a bad mood and ________ a good mood.


A) eliminates;increases
B) softens;sustains
C) does not change;amplifies
D) increases;eliminates

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Since we are born selfish,evolutionary psychologists such as Richard Dawkins propose that we attempt to:


A) develop a system that will encourage reciprocity.
B) develop an "altruistic gene."
C) teach generosity and altruism.
D) live only in small,isolated communities.

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While walking down the street,Tim sees a man slumped over grabbing his chest.Tim looks around at the other pedestrians who don't seem concerned.He assumes that,if they aren't worried,then everything is OK and keeps walking.This is an example of:


A) diffusion of responsibility.
B) collective narcissism.
C) pluralistic ignorance.
D) the social-responsibility norm.

Correct Answer

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According to the bystander effect,


A) we are more likely to help others when others are present.
B) we are less likely to help others when others are present.
C) we are unaffected by bystanders when help is needed.
D) we are more likely to receive help from bystanders.

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According to the social-exchange theory,which of the following behaviors is characterized by rewards that are internal in nature?


A) donating money to boost the image of the company
B) volunteering for community projects to boost self-worth
C) helping a family member to get some money
D) offering a stranger a ride hoping to receive friendship

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In McMillen and Austin's research (1971) ,participants who had lied were more likely to:


A) lie again.
B) volunteer a large amount of time.
C) volunteer a small amount of time.
D) avoid the researchers.

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Which of the following is one of the ways that Myers suggests to increase social altruism?


A) teach moral inclusion
B) pursue narcissism
C) increase ambiguity and decrease responsibility
D) separate guilt and concern from self-image

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According to researchers,which of the following is the correct order that leads us to good actions?


A) positive mood;positive behavior;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem
B) positive behavior;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem;positive mood
C) positive behavior;positive mood;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem
D) positive mood;positive thoughts;positive self-esteem;positive behavior

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Latané and Darley (1968) had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke pour into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working ________ tended to notice the smoke in ________.


A) in groups;less than five seconds
B) alone;less than five seconds.
C) on a challenging task;about 20 seconds
D) on a rote task;less than five seconds

Correct Answer

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Identify a true statement about religiosity and helping.


A) Religious individuals are less likely to be involved in jury service and community projects than other types of organizations.
B) Individuals high in religiosity are most likely to engage in self-serving lies or fraud.
C) Membership in religious organizations is hardly associated with civic activities like voting or talking to neighbors.
D) The tendency to engage in charity is strongest for religious individuals when religious behavior is a matter of personal choice.

Correct Answer

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