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Exam 4: Behavior and Attitudes

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Question 31

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Which statement is NOT true about attitudes?

A) Attitudes best predict behavior when they are formed by direct experience.
B) Attitudes best predict behavior when they are accessible,enduring,and likely to guide actions.
C) Attitudes best predict behavior when they are specific to the behaviors of subjects.
D) Attitudes best predict behavior when social influences on subjects are the highest.

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Question 32

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The implicit association test (IAT) :

A) measures conscious attitudes.
B) measures unconscious attitudes.
C) measures both conscious and unconscious attitudes.
D) measures our controlled behaviors.

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Question 33

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Which area of the brain is active when we automatically evaluate social stimuli?

Which of the following theories assumes that to reduce discomfort we justify our actions to ourselves?

Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory.

In the context of evil and moral acts,research indicates that if you wish to love someone more,you should:

In the context of cognitive dissonance theory,one can reduce dissonance after making important decisions by _____.

After being captured by enemies,Rob,a soldier,is tortured both physically and mentally.Initially,his captors make trivial demands to him.Gradually,the demands escalate to a point where he is required to give his statements on important matters.He is also expected to participate actively in group discussions and to write self-criticism.Over time,Rob experiences an inner need to make his beliefs consistent with his acts.In the context of psychology,this scenario exemplifies:

After spending a lot of time researching vehicles,Linda makes a purchase.After owning the vehicle for several months,she experiences dissonance and wonders if her choice was right.According to dissonance theory,we would expect Linda to reduce her dissonance by _____ the chosen vehicle and _____ the unchosen vehicles.

You receive more than one marriage proposal.According to dissonance theory,after you decide who you wish to spend your life with,you will _____ the individual whose proposal you accepted.

Which of the following theories assumes that for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appear consistent?

Which of the following theories assumes that our actions are self-revealing?

Though Lisa is opposed to capital punishment,she is asked to give a speech in favor of it to conclude a class debate.In the context of insufficient justification,dissonance theory predicts that her true attitude will undergo the most change if she:

In the context of dual processing,automatic thinking is _____.

Lauren,a 14-year-old,was fond of writing short stories and wrote at least three stories every week.When her parents found out about this,they promised to give her some incentive if she wrote more than three stories per week.Initially,Lauren felt motivated and exceeded the count.However,after a few weeks,she lost interest and began to consider writing a chore.Which of the following psychological effects is illustrated in this scenario?

Although you were opposed to the American war with Iraq,your attitude changed when you were required to present a report on the justification of the war as a newspaper journalist.Which theory best explains the change in your attitude?

In the context of ways in which one's behaviors affect one's attitudes,Manis et al.(1974) ,Tesser et al.(1972) ,and Tetlock (1983) stated that:

According to Eagly and Chaiken (2005) ,beliefs and feelings related to a person or an event are known as:

Rewarding people for doing what they already enjoy may lead them to attribute their action to the reward.If so,this would undermine their self-perception that they do it because they like it.This is called:

When people are bribed to do what they already like doing,they may see their actions as being externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing.This behavior is best explained by: