Question 1

Which factor(s) limit(s) absorption of dietary calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phytic acid
B)  Chronic diarrhea
C)  Tannins in tea
D)  Vitamin D deficiency
E)  All of these choices are accurate.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Risk factors for osteoporosis include

Accepted Answer

A)  overweight and obesity.
B)  amenorrhea.
C)  African-American race.
D)  high levels of physical activity.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the DASH diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is rich in the minerals magnesium,potassium,and calcium.
B)  It is high in fiber.
C)  It contains 8-10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
D)  It is low in protein.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

A friend is complaining of constipation.In addition to lifestyles changes,which mineral could help relieve your friend's constipation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium
B)  Magnesium
C)  Sulfur
D)  ChlorideE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Too much dietary sodium,rather than too little dietary sodium,is a major nutritional problem today.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Phosphorus absorption is promoted by the hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin.
B)  1,25 (OH) 2 vitamin D
C)  cholecalciferol.
D)  aldosterone.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Salt substitutes often contain

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium bicarbonate.
B)  potassium chloride.
C)  calcium carbonate.
D)  magnesium sulfate.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

The major cation in the intracellular fluid is ________,whereas the major anion in the extracellular fluid is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium; phosphate
B)  potassium; chloride
C)  sodium; chloride
D)  potassium; phosphateE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

In a healthy person,sodium consumed in excess of body needs is

Accepted Answer

A)  stored in the liver.
B)  excreted by the kidneys.
C)  metabolized in cells.
D)  excreted in the feces.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Water intoxication is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  headache and blurred vision.
B)  muscle cramps and convulsions.
C)  hyponatremia.
D)  All of these answers are correct.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The consumption of a high-protein,high-sodium diet will tend to ________ ion concentration of the urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  have no effect on
B)  increase
C)  decreaseD) A) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 12

ADH

Accepted Answer

A)  is a pituitary hormone that decreases water excretion.
B)  is minerals deposited into bone that give strength and rigidity.
C)  is an adrenal hormone that causes sodium reabsorption.
D)  is a protein-calcium complex that influences enzyme activity in cells.
E)  is an enzyme in kidneys formed in response to low blood pressure.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Phytic acid binds minerals so that they cannot be absorbed.Phytic acid is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  leafy,green vegetables,such as spinach.
B)  milk and dairy products.
C)  cereal grain fibers.
D)  liver and other organ meats.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

The human body has more of this substance (by weight) than any other substance.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein
B)  glycogen
C)  fat
D)  waterE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following population groups has the highest rate of calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Postmenopausal women
B)  Pregnant women
C)  Premenopausal women (not pregnant or lactating) 
D)  Athletes in trainingE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Most of our dietary sulfur is supplied by

Accepted Answer

A)  protein-rich foods.
B)  carbohydrates.
C)  vitamins.
D)  lipids.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

If deficient,which of the following minerals would have the least effect on blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium
B)  Sodium
C)  Calcium
D)  MagnesiumE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Consumption of ______ inhibits the action of antidiuretic hormone,causing increased urinary output.

Accepted Answer

A)  one or two cups of coffee
B)  alcoholic beverages
C)  high-sodium foods
D)  high-sugar beveragesE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

An individual who consumes one cup of coffee in the morning should drink an additional 2 cups of fluid to compensate for caffeine-induced fluid loss.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The body regulates its potassium content by

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbing more or less potassium from the gastrointestinal tract.
B)  excreting more or less potassium in the urine.
C)  storing more or less potassium in the liver.
D)  storing more or less potassium in the bone.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 14: Water and Major Minerals

The human body has more of this substance (by weight) than any other substance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If deficient,which of the following minerals would have the least effect on blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ADH

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Most of our dietary sulfur is supplied by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consumption of ______ inhibits the action of antidiuretic hormone,causing increased urinary output.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The consumption of a high-protein,high-sodium diet will tend to ________ ion concentration of the urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual who consumes one cup of coffee in the morning should drink an additional 2 cups of fluid to compensate for caffeine-induced fluid loss.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major cation in the intracellular fluid is ________,whereas the major anion in the extracellular fluid is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which factor(s) limit(s) absorption of dietary calcium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Salt substitutes often contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water intoxication is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a healthy person,sodium consumed in excess of body needs is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phytic acid binds minerals so that they cannot be absorbed.Phytic acid is found in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body regulates its potassium content by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following population groups has the highest rate of calcium absorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the DASH diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A friend is complaining of constipation.In addition to lifestyles changes,which mineral could help relieve your friend's constipation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Too much dietary sodium,rather than too little dietary sodium,is a major nutritional problem today.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Risk factors for osteoporosis include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphorus absorption is promoted by the hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The major cation in the intracellular fluid is ,whereas the major anion in the extracellular fluid is .

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