Question 1

The nurse is assessing the urinalysis report of a client of average build.Which observation definitely indicates an illness state in the client?

Accepted Answer

A)  A serum creatinine level of 10 mg/dL
B)  A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 15 mg/dL
C)  Casts in the urine
D)  Slightly hazy urine A

Question 2

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of renal calculi.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further training?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The lifetime risk of developing nephrolithiasis is around 7% for men in the United States."
B)  "Renal calculi develop most commonly in adults aged 20 to 49 years."
C)  "The risk of developing renal calculi doubles if there is a family history."
D)  "Renal calculi can recur,with a chance of 52% recurrence within 10 years."

Question 3

Which is the most common condition associated with the formation of renal calculi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperabsorption of calcium and oxalate from the gastrointestinal tract
B)  Chronic urinary tract infection
C)  Gout
D)  Failure of renal tubular reabsorption of cystine

Question 4

What percentage of clients suffering from Goodpasture's syndrome has clinically apparent manifestations of pulmonary and renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  60% to 80%
B)  20% to 40%
C)  Fewer than 10%
D)  More than 90%

Question 5

Which urinalysis finding indicates that the client could be suffering from renal dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urine is odorless and slightly hazy.
B)  Urine is clear and amber-colored.
C)  Urine is yellow,with a specific gravity of 1.001.
D)  Urine contains crystals.

Question 6

Which statement made by a student nurse pertains to the theory of protein deficiency as a possible cause of formation of renal calculi?

Accepted Answer

A)  "A kidney stone is formed when crystalline constituents settle on uropontin."
B)  "Calcium phosphate deposition in the renal papilla leads to formation of a kidney stone."
C)  "A Randall plaque is formed when a calcium phosphate compound settles in the renal papilla."
D)  "Nephrocalcin inhibits kidney stone formation."

Question 7

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding about the secretory functions of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Clients with renal failure have higher hemoglobin levels because of constant secretion of erythropoietin."
B)  "Kidneys create glucose from amino acids in case of excessive consumption of animal proteins."
C)  "The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin in response to high sodium levels in the blood."
D)  "Clients with impaired renal function have disrupted calcium balance in the bloodstream due to inactive vitamin D." D

Question 8

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding of the basic pathology of renal disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Postrenal dysfunction can be accompanied by an increased risk of infection."
B)  "Prerenal dysfunction can be caused by excessive consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ."
C)  "Intrarenal dysfunction can lead to hydronephrosis."
D)  "Postrenal dysfunction can result from severe hypovolemia."

Question 9

Which is a likely cause of elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in a client?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in the glomerular filtration rate
B)  Dehydration
C)  Low protein diet
D)  Very frail body structure

Question 10

Individuals with which tissue types are at high risk for developing Goodpasture's syndrome in the kidney and lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  HLA-DR2
B)  HLA-DR3
C)  Both A and B
D)  None of the above

Question 11

What percentage of the body's cardiac output is received by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% to 10%
B)  20% to 25%
C)  30% to 35%
D)  45% to 50%

Question 12

A client presents with a specific type of renal calculi that is not widely prevalent.The nurse knows that this client has been undergoing chemotherapy as part of his or her treatment for cancer.Which is an associated characteristic of the type of renal calculi that is most likely to be present in this client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urine supersaturated with cystine
B)  High purine levels in the bloodstream
C)  Alkaline pH of urine
D)  Pseudomonas infection in the urinary tract B

Question 13

What percentage of filtered electrolytes is reabsorbed at the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)  15%
B)  25%
C)  40%
D)  60%

Question 14

A health-care provider is evaluating the urine and blood test reports of a client with a muscular body structure.Which observations are most likely to indicate that the client is suffering from renal impairment? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  High amount of leukocyte esterase
B)  A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 25 mg/dL
C)  Increased creatinine clearance
D)  Decreased creatinine clearance
E)  High specific gravity of dilute urine

Question 15

At what age does the peak function of the kidneys occur in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 years
B)  25 years
C)  30 years
D)  35 years

Exam 22: Renal Disorders

The nurse is assessing the urinalysis report of a client of average build.Which observation definitely indicates an illness state in the client?

Correct Answer
verified
A

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of renal calculi.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further training?

Correct Answer
verified

Which is the most common condition associated with the formation of renal calculi?

Correct Answer
verified

What percentage of clients suffering from Goodpasture's syndrome has clinically apparent manifestations of pulmonary and renal disease?

Correct Answer
verified

Which urinalysis finding indicates that the client could be suffering from renal dysfunction?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement made by a student nurse pertains to the theory of protein deficiency as a possible cause of formation of renal calculi?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding about the secretory functions of the kidney?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding of the basic pathology of renal disorders?

Correct Answer
verified

Which is a likely cause of elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in a client?

Correct Answer
verified

Individuals with which tissue types are at high risk for developing Goodpasture's syndrome in the kidney and lungs?

Correct Answer
verified

What percentage of the body's cardiac output is received by the kidneys?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

What percentage of filtered electrolytes is reabsorbed at the loop of Henle?

Correct Answer
verified

A health-care provider is evaluating the urine and blood test reports of a client with a muscular body structure.Which observations are most likely to indicate that the client is suffering from renal impairment? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

At what age does the peak function of the kidneys occur in a healthy adult?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: Renal Disorders

The nurse is assessing the urinalysis report of a client of average build.Which observation definitely indicates an illness state in the client?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of renal calculi.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further training?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the most common condition associated with the formation of renal calculi?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of clients suffering from Goodpasture's syndrome has clinically apparent manifestations of pulmonary and renal disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which urinalysis finding indicates that the client could be suffering from renal dysfunction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement made by a student nurse pertains to the theory of protein deficiency as a possible cause of formation of renal calculi?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding about the secretory functions of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding of the basic pathology of renal disorders?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a likely cause of elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in a client?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals with which tissue types are at high risk for developing Goodpasture's syndrome in the kidney and lungs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of the body's cardiac output is received by the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedB

What percentage of filtered electrolytes is reabsorbed at the loop of Henle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A health-care provider is evaluating the urine and blood test reports of a client with a muscular body structure.Which observations are most likely to indicate that the client is suffering from renal impairment? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what age does the peak function of the kidneys occur in a healthy adult?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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A

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D

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B

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