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Which of the following is a common error that hinders the accurate interpretation of data?


A) Interpreting results from a large sample
B) Tabulating a questionnaire with many items
C) Basing a conclusion on lack of evidence
D) Applying statistical analysis

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Darren had to submit a research paper as part of his final exam. The assignment needed weeks of careful study and experimentation. Darren, however, did not work on the paper until the day before the submission. As a result, he had no choice but to use another research article and present the article as his own. In this scenario, Darren is guilty of _____.


A) plagiarism
B) libel
C) heresy
D) spin doctoring

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The problem statement, or statement of the problem, is the particular problem that is to be solved by research.

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In the context of analyzing survey results, which of the following statements is true of statistical analysis?


A) It uses correlation analysis to reduce quantitative data, such as numerous answers, to questionnaire items.
B) It uses tabulation techniques to determine whether a relationship exists between how respondents answered one item and how they answered another.
C) It involves specialized understanding that is gained through appropriate training.
D) It is ineffective in drawing sound conclusions from the collected data.

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Alicia is conducting research on consumer behavior. The study requires her to note the number of people who shop at Fresnas Mart, a grocery store, in the afternoons during weekdays. She also needs to pay attention to the customers' preferred brands, the customer service, and the arrangement of items in the store. She needs to conduct the study without interacting with the customers so that she does not influence their behavior and choices. In this scenario, Alicia is conducting a(n) _____.


A) observational study
B) normative study
C) experimental study
D) replication study

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In questionnaires, ranking scales, also called Likert scales, allow participants to indicate their opinion on a numbered continuum.

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Unlike a footnote, a bibliography:


A) includes the aims or objectives the researcher hopes to accomplish.
B) includes sources that provide information but do not result in citations.
C) does not contain the publication information about a source.
D) does not give evidence of the nature of sources the author consulted.

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Which of the following is a characteristic of formal reports?


A) They are usually short in length and bypass details.
B) They include the use of personal pronouns.
C) They are carefully structured.
D) They are subjective.

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Which of the following statements is true of a functional report?


A) It is requested by most governmental and nonprofit agencies.
B) It is a form of an external report.
C) It serves a specified purpose within a company.
D) It takes its functional designation from its form.

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In the context of note-taking, the _____ involves citing the exact words from a source.


A) paraphrase method
B) explanatory method
C) direct quotation method
D) summary method

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A search engine is a cataloged database of websites that allows you to search specific topics.

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For many kinds of studies, _____ might help in describing distributions of quantitative data.


A) measures of reliability
B) measures of central tendency
C) correlation analyses
D) regression analyses

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A report is presented before attempting to solve a problem.

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While interpreting data, facts should determine conclusions.

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In-text parenthetical citations do not direct the reader to the publication information on sources cited in a report.

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Which of the following is a similarity between online surveys and telephone surveys?


A) Both require a proper interviewer.
B) Both are inexpensive.
C) Both allow personal contact between the interviewer and the correspondent.
D) Both are useful for obtaining detailed information.

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