Question 1

Which statement summarizes what Perry (1970)  believes about the cognitive level of a typical adolescent?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Right is right, and wrong is wrong."
B)   "There are three sides to every issue: black, white, and gray."
C)   "We have to look for the underlying principle of truth in every situation."
D)   "We need to understand and operate from others' perspectives."

Question 2

Piaget argues that the initial development of formal operations is largely dominated by

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation.
B)   accommodation.
C)   perceptual coupling.
D)   centration.

Question 3

Vygotsky believed that private speech is

Accepted Answer

A)   an important tool of thought in early childhood years.
B)   a sign of delayed language development.
C)   socially paralyzing in adolescence.
D)   a hindrance to problem solving.

Question 4

Daniel is confused when his mother prompts him to say hello to a person he doesn't know, because he understands the "don't talk to strangers" rule. Daniel experiences cognitive

Accepted Answer

A)   accommodation.
B)   assimilation.
C)   equilibrium.
D)   disequilibrium.

Question 5

Describe two ways that the Tools of the Mind early childhood curriculum is grounded in Vygotsky's theory (1962).

Accepted Answer

1. Teachers scaffold children in creatin...

Question 6

Like Piaget, Vygotsky believed that children

Accepted Answer

A)   progress through strict age-related stages of cognitive development.
B)   learn from watching older, more experienced individuals.
C)   actively construct their knowledge and understanding.
D)   are biologically predisposed to achieve a certain level of cognitive development.

Question 7

The cognitive process of accommodation occurs when individuals

Accepted Answer

A)   adjust old schemes to fit new information.
B)   ignore information contradicting previous knowledge.
C)   try to balance conflicting information.
D)   use their existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an element of postformal thought?

Accepted Answer

A)   Solving a problem requires considering many different aspects.
B)   Correct answers to a problem require reflective thinking that may vary from one situation to another.
C)   Problem-solving requires firm commitment to an absolute truth.
D)   The search for truth is a never-ending process.

Question 9

While at home in her room, five-year-old Marta draws a picture of a boat on the ocean at sunset. Marta is showing evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   operations.
D)   symbolic function.

Question 10

According to William Perry, compared to adolescent thinking, adult thinking is

Accepted Answer

A)   absolutist and dualistic.
B)   idealistic and altruistic.
C)   reflective and relativistic.
D)   intuitive and concrete.

Question 11

In assessing the ability to conserve, research findings indicate that this ability

Accepted Answer

A)   is dependent solely on biological maturation.
B)   appears at approximately the same age and in the same sequence across cultures.
C)   can improve with training and practice.
D)   is dependent primarily on quality of environment.

Question 12

A reversible mental action on a real object is a

Accepted Answer

A)   formal operation.
B)   concrete operation.
C)   preoperation.
D)   centration.

Question 13

How did Vygotsky and Piaget differ on the concept of private speech?

Accepted Answer

Piaget believed that private s...

Question 14

Eventually children learn not to put everything in their mouths. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation.
B)   disequilibrium.
C)   accommodation.
D)   equilibration.

Question 15

Why does the finding that 4-month-old infants have intermodal perception challenge Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Piaget argued that young infants develop the ability to coordinate sensory information from multiple sources at a much later age.
B)   Piaget believed that infants have the ability to coordinate sensory information from multiple sources right after birth.
C)   Piaget believed that information from one sensory source is not connected to information from another sensory Source.
D)   Piaget believed that infants only rely on information from actions, not on perception.

Question 16

Vygotsky's theory states that children use private speech not only for social communication but also for

Accepted Answer

A)   problem solving.
B)   self-regulation.
C)   planning and guiding one's own actions.
D)   All of these answers are correct.

Question 17

What is the zone of proximal development, and what is the process used to facilitate learning within this zone?

Accepted Answer

The zone of proximal development is the ...

Question 18

List Piaget's four stages of cognitive development in order.

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor, preope...

Question 19

Julio is able to put 5 apples of varying sizes in order from smallest to largest. This shows that Julie understands the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   seriation.
B)   centration.
C)   conservation.
D)   transitivity.

Question 20

According to Piaget, what is a child's motivation for change?

Accepted Answer

A)   an internal search for equilibrium
B)   an internal search for disequilibrium
C)   assimilation and accommodation
D)   punishments and rewards from other people

Exam 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Eventually children learn not to put everything in their mouths. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an element of postformal thought?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Vygotsky and Piaget differ on the concept of private speech?

Correct AnswerverifiedPiaget believed that private s...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement summarizes what Perry (1970) believes about the cognitive level of a typical adolescent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While at home in her room, five-year-old Marta draws a picture of a boat on the ocean at sunset. Marta is showing evidence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the zone of proximal development, and what is the process used to facilitate learning within this zone?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe zone of proximal development is the ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to William Perry, compared to adolescent thinking, adult thinking is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Julio is able to put 5 apples of varying sizes in order from smallest to largest. This shows that Julie understands the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, what is a child's motivation for change?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky believed that private speech is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe two ways that the Tools of the Mind early childhood curriculum is grounded in Vygotsky's theory (1962).

Correct Answerverified1. Teachers scaffold children in creatin...View AnswerShow Answer

The cognitive process of accommodation occurs when individuals

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List Piaget's four stages of cognitive development in order.

Correct AnswerverifiedSensorimotor, preope...View AnswerShow Answer

A reversible mental action on a real object is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget argues that the initial development of formal operations is largely dominated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky's theory states that children use private speech not only for social communication but also for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Daniel is confused when his mother prompts him to say hello to a person he doesn't know, because he understands the "don't talk to strangers" rule. Daniel experiences cognitive

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does the finding that 4-month-old infants have intermodal perception challenge Piaget's theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like Piaget, Vygotsky believed that children

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In assessing the ability to conserve, research findings indicate that this ability

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Piaget believed that private s...
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The zone of proximal development is the ...
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1. Teachers scaffold children in creatin...
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Sensorimotor, preope...
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