A) Competitive inhibition-the mercury binds to the active site of a bacterial enzyme, inhibiting the function of the enzyme.
B) Reversible non-competitive inhibition-the mercury binds to an allosteric site on a bacterial enzyme, changing the active site shape temporarily and inhibiting enzyme function.
C) Irreversible non-competitive inhibition-the mercury binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme and permanently changes the shape of the active site, so that the enzyme becomes nonfunctional.
D) Reversible non-competitive inhibition-the mercury binds to the active site of an enzyme temporarily, inhibiting its function.
E) Competitive inhibition-the mercury binds to an allosteric site on a bacterial enzyme, blocking attachment of the appropriate substrate and inhibiting the function of the enzyme.
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A) They get incorporated into cell material.
B) They are excreted as waste organic acids.
C) They become carbon dioxide.
D) They form "energy storage molecules" for the cell.
E) They become phosphorylated.
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A) They are weak acids.
B) They are often involved in metabolic reactions.
C) They often exist in the ionized form at the near-neutral pH found in a cell.
D) Pyruvate and pyruvic acid refer to different forms of the same substance.
E) All of the answer choices are true.
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A) cytotrophs.
B) metatrophs.
C) chemotrophs.
D) phototrophs.
E) cytochromes AND chemotrophs.
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A) pyruvate.
B) NAD.
C) NADP.
D) acetyl-CoA.
E) pyrite.
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A) It yields ATP.
B) It is an anaerobic process.
C) The end product is acetyl-CoA.
D) It occurs during fermentation.
E) ATP is used.
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A) is a way of regulating the amount of product produced.
B) rarely involves the use of allosteric enzymes.
C) involves inhibiting the last of a series of reactions.
D) results in raising the activation energy for the reaction.
E) is only observed in bacteria.
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A) are generic, typically recognizing a number of different substrates.
B) are specific, typically recognizing a single or a few substrates.
C) are active over a wide pH range.
D) are active over a wide temperature range.
E) are unaffected by heat or acidity.
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A) they may use substrate-level phosphorylation to produce ATP.
B) they may use oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP.
C) they may use photophosphorylation to produce ATP.
D) they obtain energy by degrading organic compounds.
E) they generally rely on the metabolic activities of photosynthetic organisms.
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A) Substrate-level phosphorylation
B) Oxidative phosphorylation
C) Photophosphorylation
D) All types of phosphorylation require a membrane.
E) Phosphorylation never requires a membrane.
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A) carbon dioxide.
B) water.
C) glucose.
D) hydrogen peroxide.
E) sulfates.
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