Question 1

About what proportion of white Southerners did not own any slaves?

Accepted Answer

A)   two-thirds
B)   one-third
C)   one-half
D)   three-quarters

Question 2

Most runaway slaves were __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   young men
B)   young women
C)   older men
D)   older women

Question 3

Why was Harriet Tubman unusual as a runaway slave?

Accepted Answer

A)   She was a woman, and most runaways were young men.
B)   She was a Christian, and most runaways practiced African religions.
C)   She escaped alone, and most runaways escaped in large groups.
D)   Her master never offered a reward for her return or made any effort to find her.

Question 4

As the experiences of James G. Birney and the Grimké sisters demonstrate, Southerners who questioned slavery were __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   pressured to leave the South if they would not be silent
B)   tolerated by Southerners confident of slavery's superiority
C)   extremely rare and had little influence
D)   among the most enthusiastic supporters of secession

Question 5

What uncomfortable truth that many Southerners would have preferred to ignore was demonstrated by Nat Turner's revolt?

Accepted Answer

A)   Only force kept African Americans enslaved.
B)   Most Southerners were secretly opposed to slavery.
C)   Unless slaves were Christianized, they would continue to rebel.
D)   The greatest threat to slavery came from free blacks.

Question 6

George Fitzhugh defended slavery, claiming __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   it was justified by the Bible
B)   slaves were better off than northern "wage slaves"
C)   the Constitution explicitly protected slavery
D)   might makes right

Question 7

Why might wealthy cotton planters have viewed successful commercial and industrial enterprises in southern towns with suspicion?

Accepted Answer

A)   The growth of commerce and industry threatened the slave system in southern cities, as well as planters' social and political leadership in the South.
B)   Since manufacturing required free labor, it threatened to make slave labor less valuable.
C)   Poor whites might find it too easy to buy or rent land and would no longer want to sharecrop for planters.
D)   Goods produced by slave artisans on plantations would be driven off the market by cheap manufactures.

Question 8

What did Mary Boykin Chesnut, the wife of a South Carolina slave owner, mean when she described the plantation elite in her diary as being part of "a monstrous system"?

Accepted Answer

A)   White masters sexually abused their female slaves and rarely acknowledged fathering mixed-race slave children.
B)   Plantation mistresses frequently whipped their house slaves, often more violently than how a man would administer the punishment.
C)   Planters sometimes had loving, long-term intimate relationships with female slaves, which Chesnut believed to be immoral.
D)   Plantation mistresses lived hard lives in relative isolation with infrequent contact with outsiders.

Question 9

How did the growth of cotton production in the Lower South and the Old Southwest transform the national economy by 1860?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cotton made up nearly 60 percent of American exports.
B)   Most southern cotton was sold at the local level, rather than at the national or international level.
C)   New England merchants and investors faced economic ruin as they were excluded from the sale and transport of cotton to European industrialized nations.
D)   The price and number of slaves in cotton-producing areas of the Lower South and Old Southwest decreased rapidly as the cotton gin made it easier to prepare cotton for sale.

Question 10

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the American economy __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   benefited greatly from the connection between southern slavery and northern industry
B)   suffered because of the South's slave system
C)   depended primarily on northern industrial production
D)   depended primarily on profits from slave-grown cotton

Question 11

Of all the New World slave societies, the one that existed in the South was the only one that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   grew by natural increase
B)   freed the children of slaves
C)   imported its slaves from Africa
D)   never had a slave rebellion

Question 12

Although free blacks in the North could not, many blacks in the South, both free and slave, worked __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   in professions such as medicine and law
B)   in skilled trades such as carpentering and blacksmithing
C)   as butlers and valets
D)   in domestic service

Question 13

In what sort of communities did most slaves live from 1800 to 1860?

Accepted Answer

A)   in groups of 10 or more on plantations
B)   in groups of 5 or fewer on small farms
C)   in gangs of about 100 on commercial farms
D)   dispersed in small groups on small farms

Question 14

In the mid-nineteenth century, what percentage of all slaves worked as field hands?

Accepted Answer

A)   35 percent
B)   50 percent
C)   60 percent
D)   75 percent

Question 15

Why were slave children taught to call all adults of a certain age "aunt" or "uncle" and children of their own age "brother" and "sister"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Since slave marriages were often broken or slave children separated from their parents, slave communities sought to act like extended families.
B)   Since slave marriage was illegal, children had no idea who their real relatives were.
C)   White masters insisted that their slaves mimic white patterns of addressing each other.
D)   If the slaves on a plantation made it appear they were all blood relatives, they could convince the master not to sell and send any of them away.

Question 16

Slave marriages __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   were expressly forbidden by most slave owners
B)   were considered legal in most southern states
C)   were encouraged by most owners
D)   had little chance to survive

Question 17

Which statement best describes changes in American society after 1793?

Accepted Answer

A)   While the North became more urban and industrial, the South became a slave society.
B)   Urban and industrial development proceeded at an equal rate in the North and the South.
C)   The South abandoned the agrarian ideal, but the North continued to embrace it.
D)   The South led the North in building canals and railroads.

Question 18

Why did white Southerners fear the presence of free blacks in their midst?

Accepted Answer

A)   Free blacks challenged the basic assumption that white equaled freedom and black equaled slavery.
B)   Free blacks had the same legal rights as whites.
C)   Free blacks were constantly involved in leading slave rebellions.
D)   By 1860, free blacks had become the largest group in southern society.

Question 19

How did field workers on cotton plantations generally do farm work?

Accepted Answer

A)   in gangs of 20 to 25, under the supervision of overseers with whips
B)   independently and at their own pace
C)   by working as family units on their own plots of land
D)   divided by gender into gangs with same-sex overseers

Question 20

What was life like for slaves living on a large plantation in the South in the early nineteenth century? How much control did masters have? How did slaves exert control over their own lives?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:

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Exam 10: The South and Slavery

Slave marriages __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was life like for slaves living on a large plantation in the South in the early nineteenth century? How much control did masters have? How did slaves exert control over their own lives?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:More th...View AnswerShow Answer

Why were slave children taught to call all adults of a certain age "aunt" or "uncle" and children of their own age "brother" and "sister"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the American economy __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what sort of communities did most slaves live from 1800 to 1860?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although free blacks in the North could not, many blacks in the South, both free and slave, worked __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most runaway slaves were __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What did Mary Boykin Chesnut, the wife of a South Carolina slave owner, mean when she described the plantation elite in her diary as being part of "a monstrous system"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did white Southerners fear the presence of free blacks in their midst?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might wealthy cotton planters have viewed successful commercial and industrial enterprises in southern towns with suspicion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did the growth of cotton production in the Lower South and the Old Southwest transform the national economy by 1860?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What uncomfortable truth that many Southerners would have preferred to ignore was demonstrated by Nat Turner's revolt?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes changes in American society after 1793?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did field workers on cotton plantations generally do farm work?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why was Harriet Tubman unusual as a runaway slave?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the mid-nineteenth century, what percentage of all slaves worked as field hands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About what proportion of white Southerners did not own any slaves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of all the New World slave societies, the one that existed in the South was the only one that __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the experiences of James G. Birney and the Grimké sisters demonstrate, Southerners who questioned slavery were __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George Fitzhugh defended slavery, claiming __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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