Exam 9: The Origins of Culture and the Emergence of Homo

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1. Bipedalism: One of the major trends i...

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A) Australopithecus afarensis.
B) Homo habilis.
C) Homo rudolfensis.
D) Homo erectus.

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A) Oldowan.
B) Mousterian.
C) Acheulian.
D) none of the above

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A) use of fire.
B) use of clothing.
C) better organization for scavenging, hunting, and defense against predators.
D) all of the above

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A) 440
B) 1000
C) 1300
D) 1500

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A) less
B) greater
C) the more equal
D) none of the above

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A) for home bases.
B) to facilitate recurrent food collecting and processing.
C) accidentally.
D) for all of the above reasons

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A) the same as in Homo habilis.
B) greater than that found in Homo sapiens.
C) greater than that found in Homo habilis.
D) about the same as in Homo sapiens.

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A) 4.8
B) 3.8
C) 2.8
D) 1.8

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D

A) very little else was found with the tools that were dug up.
B) the eyewitness accounts are spotty.
C) early hominids probably had no lifestyle.
D) the mathematical formula to measure lifestyle didn't exist back then.

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A) 5.5
B) 4.5
C) 3.5
D) 2.5

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A) they were the first hominids to use tools
B) they were the first bipedal hominids
C) they were the first hominid species to be widely distributed in the Old World
D) they were confined to a very small area in Southern Africa

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The Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania has been a significant site for the study of early hominids, with remains dating back over two million years. Archaeological speculations about the lifestyles of early hominids from the Olduvai remains have been based on the analysis of tools, fossils, and the surrounding environment. One speculation is that early hominids at Olduvai were primarily scavengers, relying on meat from already deceased animals rather than actively hunting. This is supported by the presence of stone tools that were likely used for butchering and processing animal carcasses. The abundance of animal bones with cut marks also suggests a focus on scavenging rather than hunting. Additionally, the discovery of various types of stone tools at Olduvai has led to speculations about the cognitive abilities and social behaviors of early hominids. The development and use of tools indicate a level of problem-solving and innovation, while the presence of different tool types suggests a degree of specialization and planning. This has led to speculations about early hominids having some form of social organization and division of labor. Furthermore, the analysis of plant remains and environmental evidence at Olduvai has provided insights into the diet and habitat of early hominids. It is speculated that they had a varied diet, including fruits, nuts, and roots, in addition to meat. The presence of water sources and diverse vegetation in the area suggests that early hominids had access to a range of resources and likely lived in a mosaic environment. Overall, archaeological speculations about the lifestyles of early hominids from the Olduvai remains paint a picture of adaptable and resourceful individuals who relied on scavenging, used tools for various purposes, and had a diverse diet. These speculations continue to evolve as new discoveries and research methods shed light on the lives of our early ancestors.

A) 40
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70

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A) they would give a perfect picture of early hominid lifestyle.
B) they wanted to show how superior modern tools were.
C) they wanted to know what the tools were used for.
D) they wanted to use the tools to measure intelligence.

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A) butchering large animals.
B) cutting down trees.
C) digging trenches.
D) being displayed as an art form.

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A

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Dean Falk's theory suggests that the evo...

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A) there are several ideas, each of which is believed by certain anthropologists
B) the areas might or might not represent a home base
C) the areas may or may not be sites to process food only
D) all of the above

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