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The parol evidence rule applies only to integrated contracts, meaning those in which the parties have assented to the written agreement as the statement of the complete agreement between them.

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Answer the following: a. What are the basic requirements of a writing within the statute of frauds in Article 2 of the UCC? b. What are the three exceptions to the writing requirement found in Article 2? The basic statement of the rule found in UCC Section 2-201 requires a writing sufficient to indicate that a contract has been made between the parties, specifying

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a. the quantity of goods to be sold, sig...

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Most types of contracts are valid without being written.

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In states that have adopted it, the UETA:


A) encourages and gives full effect to electronic contracts.
B) gives full effect to emergency transactions.
C) supplements and covers all of the UCC.
D) covers wills, codicils, and testamentary trusts.

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A usage of trade is a practice or method of dealing, regularly observed and followed in a place, vocation, or trade.

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True

Although a contract to purchase an undeveloped lot must be in writing to be enforceable, a contract to run power lines over someone else's lot need not be.

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In interpreting a contract, terms which have been separately negotiated are given priority over standardized, pre- printed terms.

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Most states have statutes requiring which of the following contracts to be evidenced by a writing to be enforceable?


A) Contracts to make wills.
B) Contracts for the sale of securities.
C) Contracts for the sale of personal property for more than $5,000.
D) Contracts creating certain types of security interests.
E) All of these.

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Most courts consider a merger clause to be conclusive proof of an integrated contract.

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Sam, a shopkeeper, dies unexpectedly at the age of 46. His lifelong business associate, Paul, is appointed the administrator of the estate. Sam had a personal debt of $8,000 which he owed to Art's Appliance Store. Paul says to Art, "If there isn't enough money in the estate, I'll personally see that the bill is paid." Which of the following is correct?


A) The oral statement is enforceable because Paul is the administrator.
B) An oral statement such as this is not enforceable because it is outside the statute of frauds.
C) An oral statement such as this is not enforceable because this promise is within the statute of frauds.
D) The oral statement is enforceable because it is a collateral promise.

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Requirements for a memorandum that satisfies the statute of frauds include that the writing:


A) must be a single document.
B) must exist at the time of the litigation.
C) needs to be notarized.
D) None of these.

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54. Under the UCC, refers to the manner and extent to which the respective parties to a contract have accepted Successive tenders of performance by the other party without objection.


A) course of dealing
B) usage of trade
C) course of performance
D) integrated document

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C

Under the UCC statute of frauds, which of the following terms must be included in a writing in order to satisfy the writing requirement?


A) The price of the goods
B) The quantity of the goods
C) The signatures and names of the buyer and the seller
D) The time and place for delivery

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The parol evidence rule does not prevent the use of evidence that a party would like to use to establish the defense of fraud, duress, or undue influence.

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In an employment agreement with Karl, Arnold promises to work for Karl for the rest of his life. This promise must be in writing to be enforceable.

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False

The UCC requires that all contracts for the sale of goods must be in writing.

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Which of the following would NOT require a writing under the statute of frauds?


A) Where the buyer of a five-acre lot pays the $40,000 purchase price, thus fully performing his obligation
B) Where a renter agrees to rent a building for a 5-year period
C) Where a contractor enters into an agreement for an easement across adjoining land to run cables
D) Where a landscaper agrees to landscape the lot surrounding an office building

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On March 20, Gordon orally agrees to work for Carrham, Inc. for a period of one year commencing on June 1. No writing is necessary here, because the contract can be performed within one year.

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The test under the one-year provision of the statute of frauds is whether the terms of the contract make it possible for performance to occur within one year.

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The word "parol" literally means release.

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