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One of Christopher Columbus' first concerns when meeting Native peoples in the Caribbean was


A) their spiritual welfare.
B) whether or not they had gold.
C) their scientific knowledge.
D) their style of leadership.
E) their physical safety.

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Which of the following correctly describes the outbreak of the Protestant Reformation in 1517?


A) It increased tension between Europe's nation-states and accelerated the pace of exploration.
B) It had no impact on the course of early American history.
C) It led to religious unity throughout Europe.
D) It spread slowly across Europe.
E) It ended Catholicism in Spain.

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Early Indian civilizations considered land and people sacred and did not make war or exploit the environment.

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Which statement describes the consequences of Spanish colonization in the Americas?


A) Overall, Native Americans' lives were better because of Spanish colonization.
B) Native Americans were exploited, enslaved, and exterminated by the Spanish.
C) The Spanish aided the natives as often as they could.
D) The Native Americans looked to the Spanish to make their lives better.
E) The Spanish always valued input from the Native Americans.

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Most devastating to the Aztecs in their conflict with Cortés was


A) chicken pox and enslavement.
B) malaria and dysentery.
C) smallpox and starvation.
D) measles and melancholy.
E) diphtheria and overconfidence.

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The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain.

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In less than a century after Columbus' first voyage in 1492 the disease that spread to Native American cultures resulted in the greatest loss of life in human history.

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The earliest arrivals in North America were the so-called Clovis peoples, named for a site in New Mexico where distinctive spear points were discovered.

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Which of the following statements is true regarding the Columbian Exchange?


A) This phenomenon focused on the exchange of goods rather than culture.
B) Once they reached Europe, food plants from the New World often were unable to grow.
C) New food crops spurred a population increase in Europe.
D) Native Americans introduced domestic livestock to Europeans.
E) This exchange profited indigenous people more than Europeans due to their better digestive systems.

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What led to the rejection of papal authority in England in the sixteenth century, resulting in a Protestant nation?


A) The pope chastised the English people for poor church attendance.
B) The pope refused to annul the marriage of King Henry VIII and Catharine of Aragon.
C) The Catholic church was supported by tax dollars, whereas Protestant churches were not.
D) Most of the English public was Calvinist.
E) Martin Luther was a favorite theologian of King Henry VIII.

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The dominant religion in Europe in the fifteenth century was


A) Lutheranism.
B) Methodism.
C) Calvinism.
D) Catholicism.
E) Anglicanism.

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Describe the biological exchanges between the Old and New Worlds.How did the various plants, animals, and diseases shape the cultures on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean?

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The biological exchanges between the Old...

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Spain left little cultural imprint on its former possessions in what is now the United States.

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False

In 1565, Spanish soldiers founded __________, the first permanent European settlement in the present-day United States.


A) St.Augustine
B) Jamestown
C) Plymouth
D) San Luis
E) San Salvador

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A

How did the Protestant Reformation influence European exploration of the New World?

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The Protestant Reformation had a signifi...

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Which of the following statements describes the Eastern Woodlands people as a group?


A) They lived in the forests of landlocked areas rather than along the coast.
B) They were characterized by all speaking Iroquoian.
C) They built "dugouts" to travel the rivers and lakes.
D) They largely lived in caves built in the side of hills.
E) They included strictly patriarchal societies.

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Which of these statements accurately describes Spanish success in the Americas?


A) It encouraged other European nations, like England, to explore there as well.
B) It was short term.
C) It never extended beyond Mexico.
D) It was limited to gold mining only.
E) It was, in part, due to their alliance with the French.

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A

Tenochtitlán in the fifteenth century was


A) an Aztec warrior who defeated the first Spanish troops to arrive.
B) the Aztec name given to Hernán Cortés when he arrived in present-day Mexico.
C) the capital of a sophisticated Aztec empire in Mesoamerica.
D) the name of a mountain range crossed by Cortés as he invaded Mexica.
E) an Aztec temple inhabited by Aztec nobility and priests.

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Perhaps the greatest cultural advantage enjoyed by the Spanish over the native peoples was


A) bronze weaponry.
B) horses.
C) cannons.
D) cargo ships.
E) better maps.

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Which of the following characterized Indians in the Pacific Northwest?


A) They were dedicated farmers.
B) They were very similar to the Mississippian peoples.
C) They lived in peace with each other.
D) They were divided into chiefs, commoners, and slaves.
E) They did not know how to fish.

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