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Exam 4: Cell Structure

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Question 21

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Sulfolobus are archaea that are commonly found in geothermal environments, with an optimum growth temperature of about 80 $\degree$ C.What feature allows archaea to thrive at such temperatures?

A) Archaea are highly adaptable to changing environmental temperatures.
B) Archaea have two cell walls which helps prevent heat absorption.
C) Archaeal membranes contain special lipids.
D) Archaea use the heat from their environment to produce ATP.

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Question 22

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Plant cells often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances called a:

A) central vacuole.
B) Golgi body.
C) centriole.
D) chloroplast.

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Question 23

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The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions called:

Cardiac muscle cells are connected by special junctions called intercalated discs.Intercalated discs provide strength between cells of tissues which exhibit high mechanical stress, strong flexible connections between tissue cells, and electrical excitability between the cells.Using this information, which junctions are present in intercalated discs?

Given what is known about the minimal essential functions of cellular life, if you could create an artificial cell, what cellular structures must you include?

The eukaryotic organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the surface of the rough ER is called the:

Nuclear pores permit the passage of all the following except:

If a water molecule passes through the outer membrane of a chloroplast, how many more membranes will it have to move through to be in the stroma?

As ATP moves from the matrix of the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm of a cell, how many membranes will it pass?

Prokaryotic cell movement is attributed to:

Streptomycin is an antibiotic that interferes with the function of the 30S subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome.What is the consequence of treating a bacteria with streptomycin?

Alcohol consumption adversely affects the synthesis of molecules involved in protein degradation, which can eventually lead to liver damage.Given this information, which organelle in liver cells is most directly affected by alcohol consumption?

Mitochondrial disorders can be caused by mutations in all the following except:

A cell biologist has developed a new drug that blocks vesicle transport at the cis face of the Golgi apparatus.What will this drug prevent from happening inside a cell?

The semi-fluid matrix that surrounds organelles in a cell is called the:

Based on the function of mitochondria, what substance is able to pass through the outer membrane of the mitochondria easily?

The spreading of cancer cells, wound healing, and blood clotting all rely on the same type of cell movement called:

A team of researchers is studying the external structures on the dorsal (back) surface of a spider mite.The spider mite seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite, which is approximately 0.05mm.While they can see the dorsal surface of the spider mite with their naked eye, they cannot see the mite clearly.The researchers are writing a grant to provide support for a microscope to use to study these new mites.They need to purchase a microscope with a high magnification to observe the new mites on their habitat.Based on the information given, what type of microscope would you suggest?

A distinctive feature of eukaryotes is the organization of tightly packaged chromosomal DNA with proteins into a membrane-bound structure called a:

Photosynthetic pigments in bacteria are located in the: