Question 1

The DNA sequence of a portion of gene in a wild- type organism is TTACCATATTCACCC, and the corresponding peptide sequence is Leu- Pro- Tyr- Ser- Pro. The corresponding gene fragment in phenotypic variant of the organism is TTACCATATTCACCC and the peptide sequence is Leu- Pro- Cys- Ser- Pro. This is an example of a mutation (type)  resulting in a mutation (effect) .

Accepted Answer

A)   base substitution; silent
B)   insertion; nonsense
C)   deletion; missense
D)   base substitution; nonsense
E)   base substitution; missense E

Question 2

The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand...

Question 3

A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Accepted Answer

A point mutation is a single base change...

Question 4

Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   specialized transduction.
B)   transposition
C)   conjugation
D)   transformation of competent cells.
E)   generalized transduction

Question 5

Which of the following regulatory RNAs alter translation in response to environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)   riboswitches
B)   transfer RNAs
C)   miRNA- induced silencing complexes (miRISCs) 
D)   microRNAs
E)   small interfering RNAs

Question 6

Except during initiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the (P/A/E) site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

RNA polymerase initiates transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences called (promoter/origins/operons).

Accepted Answer

promoters

Question 8

Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

A)   a hydrogen bond
B)   a methyl group
C)   histones
D)   a phosphate group
E)   a hydroxyl group

Question 9

The chemical 5- bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it a(n) (analog/nucleotide/precursor) of thymine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical 5- bromouracil mimics the chemical...

Question 10

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Accepted Answer

A)   involves a mutagen.
B)   involves a virus.
C)   requires a pilus.
D)   requires a cell to be "competent."
E)   requires a plasmid.

Question 11

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phenotype of an organism is its...

Question 12

Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)   translation only
B)   transcription and translation
C)   DNA replication and translation
D)   DNA replication only
E)   transcription only

Question 13

Inducible operons

Accepted Answer

A)   usually require an activator to be transcribed.
B)   are generally anabolic pathways.
C)   are normally active.
D)   are active in the presence of a repressor.
E)   usually require a repressor to be transcribed.

Question 14

Codons are recognized during

Accepted Answer

A)   transduction.
B)   translation.
C)   transcription.
D)   DNA replication.
E)   base excision.

Question 15

The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

Accepted Answer

A)   carcinogenic.
B)   mutagenic in humans.
C)   carcinogenic in Salmonella.
D)   mutagenic in Salmonella.
E)   carcinogenic in humans.

Question 16

All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   ionic bonds.
B)   ribose.
C)   uracil.
D)   phosphate.
E)   hydrogen bonds.

Question 17

Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms of the effect on gene function.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA...

Question 18

A chemical is reported to inhibit bacterial replication. Bacterial cells are placed in medium with all nutrients necessary for replication. The chemical is added to the culture, and after a half hour an extract of the DNA is prepared. A significant percentage of the DNA is in pieces about 1000 to 2000 bases in length. The results are consistent with the chemical blocking the function of DNA ligase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 19

A wild- type organism and a genetic variant both have a gene encoding a receptor producing a chemotactic response to metabolite A. The genetic variant has a mutation in a regulatory gene for expression of the receptor. Which of the following statements with respect to the receptor is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   The organisms have the same receptor genotype but different phenotypes.
B)   The phenotypes of both organisms are the same, but the genotypes differ.
C)   The genotypes and phenotypes of both organisms are the same.
D)   The organisms have different genetic sequences for the receptor.
E)   The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

Question 20

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of DNA molecule(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   multiple circular
B)   multiple linear
C)   a single linear
D)   a single circular
E)   both linear and circular

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

Correct Answer
verified
E

The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Correct Answer
verified

A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Correct Answer
verified
A point mutation is a single base change...
View Answer

Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following regulatory RNAs alter translation in response to environmental conditions?

Correct Answer
verified

Except during initiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the (P/A/E) site.

Correct Answer
verified

RNA polymerase initiates transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences called (promoter/origins/operons).

Correct Answer
verified
promoters

Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?

Correct Answer
verified

The chemical 5- bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it a(n) (analog/nucleotide/precursor) of thymine.

Correct Answer
verified

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Correct Answer
verified

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics?

Correct Answer
verified

Inducible operons

Correct Answer
verified

Codons are recognized during

Correct Answer
verified

The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms of the effect on gene function.)

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

A wild- type organism and a genetic variant both have a gene encoding a receptor producing a chemotactic response to metabolite A. The genetic variant has a mutation in a regulatory gene for expression of the receptor. Which of the following statements with respect to the receptor is CORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of DNA molecule(s) .

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedA point mutation is a single base change...View AnswerShow Answer

Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regulatory RNAs alter translation in response to environmental conditions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Except during initiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the (P/A/E) site.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA polymerase initiates transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences called (promoter/origins/operons).

Correct Answerverifiedpromoters

Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical 5- bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it a(n) (analog/nucleotide/precursor) of thymine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inducible operons

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Codons are recognized during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms of the effect on gene function.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

A wild- type organism and a genetic variant both have a gene encoding a receptor producing a chemotactic response to metabolite A. The genetic variant has a mutation in a regulatory gene for expression of the receptor. Which of the following statements with respect to the receptor is CORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of DNA molecule(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
E

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A point mutation is a single base change...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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promoters

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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True

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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