Question 1

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A.
B)   vitamin E.
C)   iron.
D)   zinc.

Question 2

In the United States, bread and cereal products made from milled grains are enriched with

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamins A, D, and E.
B)   thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin.
C)   vitamins A, C, and K.
D)   folate, choline, and vitamin B-12.

Question 3

Which of the following vitamins is most readily excreted by the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin B-6
B)   Vitamin B-12
C)   Vitamin D
D)   Thiamin

Question 4

A disease that involves fat malabsorption could lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   osteomalacia.
B)   scurvy.
C)   pellagra.
D)   beriberi.

Question 5

Retinol activity equivalents (RAE)  take into account the activity of provitamin A carotenoids and ________ found in foods.

Accepted Answer

A)   preformed vitamin A
B)   lutein and zeaxanthin
C)   cysteine
D)   None of these are correct.

Question 6

Taking large supplemental doses of vitamins A and E can

Accepted Answer

A)   result in vitamin toxicity.
B)   cure the common cold.
C)   prevent cancer.
D)   prevent heart disease.

Question 7

The best vitamin B-6 food sources include

Accepted Answer

A)   enriched breads and cereals.
B)   milk and dairy products.
C)   meat, fish, and poultry.
D)   deep yellow/orange fruits and vegetables.

Question 8

Vitamin C and meat protein ________ nonheme iron absorption.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase
B)   decrease
C)   do not change

Question 9

The name of the active vitamin B-6 coenzyme is

Accepted Answer

A)   nicotinamide.
B)   pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) .
C)   thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) .
D)   flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  .

Question 10

Cruciferous vegetables such as ______ are rich in cancer-preventing phytochemicals.

Accepted Answer

A)   onions and leeks
B)   carrots and sweet potatoes
C)   cabbage and cauliflower
D)   spinach and Swiss chard

Question 11

When B vitamins are consumed in their coenzyme forms,

Accepted Answer

A)   they are broken down to free vitamins in the stomach and small intestine prior to absorption.
B)   intestinal absorption of fat is enhanced.
C)   toxicity of B vitamins is likely to occur.
D)   more energy is available to the body.

Question 12

________ is a water-soluble vitamin that is especially important in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and the synthesis of the heme portion of hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin C
B)   Vitamin B-6
C)   Thiamin
D)   Riboflavin

Question 13

The most bioavailable source of vitamin E is

Accepted Answer

A)   plant oil.
B)   fish oil.
C)   alpha-tocopherol supplements.
D)   mixed-tocopherol supplements.

Question 14

The vitamin that poses the greatest risk for toxicity is

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A.
B)   vitamin D.
C)   vitamin E.
D)   vitamin K.

Question 15

The American Heart Association, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and the National Academy of Sciences ________ vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   do not recommend
B)   recommend

Question 16

Food processing

Accepted Answer

A)   enhances vitamin E absorption from foods.
B)   increases vitamin E content of foods.
C)   decreases vitamin E content of foods.
D)   has no effect on vitamin E in foods because it is a stable compound.

Question 17

Most water-soluble vitamins are rapidly excreted from the body when consumed in excess. However, ________ is an example of a water-soluble vitamin that can accumulate to toxic levels in the liver.

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin B-6
B)   thiamin
C)   riboflavin
D)   vitamin C

Question 18

Beta-carotene is a precursor to

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A.
B)   vitamin E.
C)   vitamin C.
D)   vitamin D.

Question 19

Which of the following vitamins serves as an antioxidant in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin K
B)   Vitamin D
C)   Niacin
D)   Vitamin E

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the regulation of the production and sale of vitamin and mineral supplements?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is no federal legislation regulating supplements.
B)   The FDA does not regulate all vitamin and mineral supplements closely.
C)   Americans can rest assured that the federal government will protect them from vitamin and mineral supplement overuse.
D)   Supplement companies are free to market their products with invalid and illegal claims.

Exam 8: Vitamins

The vitamin that poses the greatest risk for toxicity is

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When B vitamins are consumed in their coenzyme forms,

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Cruciferous vegetables such as ______ are rich in cancer-preventing phytochemicals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Food processing

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The best vitamin B-6 food sources include

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Vitamin C enhances the absorption of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Taking large supplemental doses of vitamins A and E can

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Which of the following is true about the regulation of the production and sale of vitamin and mineral supplements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following vitamins serves as an antioxidant in cell membranes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a water-soluble vitamin that is especially important in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and the synthesis of the heme portion of hemoglobin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most bioavailable source of vitamin E is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following vitamins is most readily excreted by the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The name of the active vitamin B-6 coenzyme is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American Heart Association, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and the National Academy of Sciences ________ vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the United States, bread and cereal products made from milled grains are enriched with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retinol activity equivalents (RAE) take into account the activity of provitamin A carotenoids and ________ found in foods.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beta-carotene is a precursor to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin C and meat protein ________ nonheme iron absorption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most water-soluble vitamins are rapidly excreted from the body when consumed in excess. However, ________ is an example of a water-soluble vitamin that can accumulate to toxic levels in the liver.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disease that involves fat malabsorption could lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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