Question 1

What effect does high blood pressure have on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the absence of regulatory mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  GFR will decrease.
B)  GFR will not change.
C)  GFR will decrease,then increase.
D)  GFR will increase.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT true about tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tubular reabsorption may involve hormonal control.
B)  Tubular reabsorption occurs via paracellular or transcellular routes.
C)  Tubular reabsorption moves items from the filtrate into the blood.
D)  Tubular reabsorption is entirely a passive process.

Question 3

Urine dripping from a renal pyramid passes first into the major calyx then into the minor calyx.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Voluntary neural control is necessary for:

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of the internal urethral sphincter.
B)  relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter.
C)  contraction of the detrusor muscle.
D)  relaxation of the external urethral sphincter.

Question 5

Explain how glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)and glomerular colloid osmotic pressure (GCOP)act as opposing forces during glomerular filtration.

Accepted Answer

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)is ...

Question 6

Which of these is a hormone that lowers blood volume and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  angiotensin-II (A-II) 
B)  renin
C)  aldosterone
D)  atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the cortical nephrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortical nephrons are wrapped by the vasa recta.
B)  Cortical nephrons have a short nephron loop (loop of Henle) .
C)  The renal corpuscle of a cortical nephron sits in the outer renal cortex.
D)  Cortical nephrons are the most numerous type of nephron in the kidneys.

Question 8

Explain why a patient with diabetes mellitus may receive news of glycosuria after a urinalysis test in his doctor's office.

Accepted Answer

Carrier proteins that transport glucose ...

Question 9

Trace the pathway of blood through the kidneys,from renal artery to renal vein.

Accepted Answer

From the renal artery,blood will travel ...

Question 10

What should NOT be found in filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma proteins
B)  acids and bases
C)  metabolic wastes
D)  water and electrolytes

Question 11

Which of the following will trigger the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) into action?

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood pressure
B)  parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
C)  high levels of sodium ions in the filtrate
D)  an increase in systemic blood pressure

Question 12

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  constrict both the afferent and efferent arterioles.
B)  lower blood volume and blood pressure.
C)  increase renin secretion.
D)  increase blood concentration of angiotensin-II (A-II) .

Question 13

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in one minute.
B)  the amount of filtrate that is reabsorbed during a 24-hour period.
C)  the rate at which the kidneys remove a substance from the blood.
D)  the percent of blood plasma that passes through the filtration membrane.

Question 14

Renal clearance is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of filtrate that is reabsorbed during one day.
B)  the percent of blood plasma that passes through the filtration membrane.
C)  the amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in one minute.
D)  the rate at which the kidneys remove a substance from the blood.

Question 15

The yellow color of urine comes from the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions.
B)  glucose.
C)  ammonia.
D)  urochrome.

Question 16

The indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pyramid.
B)  calyx.
C)  hilum.
D)  pelvis.

Question 17

What increases the permeability of the glomerulus by making the capillaries "leaky"?

Accepted Answer

A)  microvilli
B)  desmosomes
C)  fenestrations
D)  tight junctions

Question 18

Simple squamous epithelium is located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  descending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) .
B)  proximal tubule.
C)  ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) .
D)  distal tubule.

Question 19

What is coupled with glucose reabsorption using a symporter in the early part of the proximal tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions
B)  amino acids
C)  bicarbonate ions
D)  hydrogen ions

Question 20

What are the two main divisions of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex and renal medulla
B)  renal pyramids and renal columns
C)  renal corpuscle and renal tubule
D)  glomerulus and peritubular capillaries

Exam 24: The Urinary System

Which of the following will trigger the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) into action?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why a patient with diabetes mellitus may receive news of glycosuria after a urinalysis test in his doctor's office.

Correct AnswerverifiedCarrier proteins that transport glucose ...View AnswerShow Answer

What is coupled with glucose reabsorption using a symporter in the early part of the proximal tubule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine dripping from a renal pyramid passes first into the major calyx then into the minor calyx.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What increases the permeability of the glomerulus by making the capillaries "leaky"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)and glomerular colloid osmotic pressure (GCOP)act as opposing forces during glomerular filtration.

Correct AnswerverifiedGlomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)is ...View AnswerShow Answer

What effect does high blood pressure have on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the absence of regulatory mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Voluntary neural control is necessary for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following,EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the cortical nephrons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Simple squamous epithelium is located in the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Trace the pathway of blood through the kidneys,from renal artery to renal vein.

Correct AnswerverifiedFrom the renal artery,blood will travel ...View AnswerShow Answer

The yellow color of urine comes from the presence of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the two main divisions of the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about tubular reabsorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal clearance is defined as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What should NOT be found in filtrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is a hormone that lowers blood volume and blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Carrier proteins that transport glucose ...
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Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP)is ...
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From the renal artery,blood will travel ...
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