Question 1

For Freud, much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious desires
B)   environmental stimuli
C)   mental Gestalts
D)   mental associations

Question 2

The main advantage of a survey is that

Accepted Answer

A)   only a small number of subjects need to be accessed.
B)   a large amount of data can be gathered.
C)   the chance of experimenter error is removed.
D)   subjects will not know if they are part of a control or experimental group.

Question 3

Naturalistic observation is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   re-creating natural conditions in the laboratory as closely as possible to make an experiment more valid
B)   studying behavior in its natural context
C)   basically the same process as objective introspection
D)   observing behavior in the lab without taking formal notes or using technological equipment to measure the experiment findings

Question 4

The degree of relationship between two or more variables is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   correlation
B)   validity
C)   reliability
D)   a hypothesis

Question 5

The first psychology laboratory was opened by _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Wundt
B)   James
C)   Titchener
D)   Watson

Question 6

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)   .50
B)   .25
C)   -.25
D)   -.75

Question 7

Propose three methods typically used in psychology to test a topic, such as the effects of marijuana on GPA (grade-point average).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Propose three methods typically used in psychology...

Question 8

In studying the bystander effect, a researcher is interested in looking at differences between prison guards in China and the United Kingdom. The researcher is taking a ________perspective in this cross-cultural study.

Accepted Answer

A)   Eurocentric
B)   egocentric
C)   culturio
D)   sociocultural

Question 9

A "fake treatment" is one way to define a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   decoy
B)   demand characteristic
C)   control group
D)   placebo

Question 10

Several years ago, two scientists announced that they had evidence of "cold fusion" in the laboratory, but further studies failed to replicate their findings, and it was later found that the original scientists had used sloppy methods. This highlights which of the following critical thinking principles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Few "truths" do not need to be tested.
B)   All evidence is not equal in quality.
C)   Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
D)   Critical thinking requires an open mind.

Question 11

What is the biggest reason why we use animals in research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animals have simple behavior that makes it easy to see changes.
B)   Animals don't live as long as humans.
C)   We can do things to animals that we can't do to people.
D)   Animals are easier to control.

Question 12

John Watson studied salivation in dogs in order to examine the concept of habituation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Psychologists stopped relying on the method of analytic introspection as their primary research tool because:

Accepted Answer

A)   they wanted to study mental processes rather than observable behavior.
B)   results were inconsistent across labs.
C)   laboratory research was replaced by field research.
D)   the technique did not provide useful information for therapists.

Question 14

The magazine Desperate Wives publishes a survey of its female readers called "The Sex Life of the American Wife." It reports that 87 percent of all wives like to make love in rubber boots. The critical flaw in this research would be the fact that _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the sample is not representative of American wives
B)   a psychological test, rather than a survey, should have been given
C)   rubber boots are not equally available in all regions of the country
D)   making love has not been operationally defined

Question 15

Which noted African-American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Accepted Answer

A)   Charles Henry Thompson
B)   Howard Hale Long
C)   Robert Prentiss Daniel
D)   Albert Sidney Beckham

Question 16

Sandi is a single mother living in a housing project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Sandi's situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   educational psychologist
B)   psychiatrist
C)   psychiatric social worker
D)   counselor

Question 17

Which of the following statements about research with animals is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animals are no longer allowed to be used in research in which it would be clearly unethical to use humans.
B)   Scientists who oppose animal rights activists argue that the goals of scientific research justify some animal suffering, although they agree it should be minimized.
C)   Animals are only used in about 7 percent of psychological research.
D)   Animal researchers do not use anesthesia in surgery, causing some concern about pain.

Question 18

An operational definition is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a statement that attempts to predict a set of phenomena and specifies relationships among variables that can be empirically tested
B)   an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships
C)   the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure
D)   the principle that a scientific theory must make predictions that are specific enough to expose the theory to the possibility of disconfirmation

Question 19

In the definition of psychology, the term mental processes refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   internal, covert activities
B)   outward behavior
C)   overt actions and reactions
D)   only animal behavior

Question 20

A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms. She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library. All students take the test in the classroom, and their test performance is compared. In this example, where students study is the:

Accepted Answer

A)   independent variable.
B)   dependent variable.
C)   manipulation.
D)   hypothesis.

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

In studying the bystander effect, a researcher is interested in looking at differences between prison guards in China and the United Kingdom. The researcher is taking a ________perspective in this cross-cultural study.

Correct Answer
verified

Propose three methods typically used in psychology to test a topic, such as the effects of marijuana on GPA (grade-point average).

Correct Answer
verified

John Watson studied salivation in dogs in order to examine the concept of habituation.

Correct Answer
verified

The magazine Desperate Wives publishes a survey of its female readers called "The Sex Life of the American Wife." It reports that 87 percent of all wives like to make love in rubber boots. The critical flaw in this research would be the fact that _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Correct Answer
verified

An operational definition is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which noted African-American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What is the biggest reason why we use animals in research?

Correct Answer
verified

In the definition of psychology, the term mental processes refers to ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about research with animals is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

A "fake treatment" is one way to define a ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The first psychology laboratory was opened by _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists stopped relying on the method of analytic introspection as their primary research tool because:

Correct Answer
verified

For Freud, much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Sandi is a single mother living in a housing project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Sandi's situation?

Correct Answer
verified

The main advantage of a survey is that

Correct Answer
verified

Naturalistic observation is ____________________.

Correct Answer
verified

The degree of relationship between two or more variables is __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

In studying the bystander effect, a researcher is interested in looking at differences between prison guards in China and the United Kingdom. The researcher is taking a ________perspective in this cross-cultural study.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Propose three methods typically used in psychology to test a topic, such as the effects of marijuana on GPA (grade-point average).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

John Watson studied salivation in dogs in order to examine the concept of habituation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The magazine Desperate Wives publishes a survey of its female readers called "The Sex Life of the American Wife." It reports that 87 percent of all wives like to make love in rubber boots. The critical flaw in this research would be the fact that _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An operational definition is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which noted African-American psychologist held a post as president of Shaw University in North Carolina and then president of Virginia State College?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the biggest reason why we use animals in research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the definition of psychology, the term mental processes refers to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about research with animals is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A "fake treatment" is one way to define a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first psychology laboratory was opened by _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists stopped relying on the method of analytic introspection as their primary research tool because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For Freud, much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sandi is a single mother living in a housing project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Sandi's situation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main advantage of a survey is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Naturalistic observation is ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The degree of relationship between two or more variables is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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