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An oxbow lake was formerly a _________ .


A) natural levee
B) river meander
C) stream terrace
D) knickpoint
E) marsh

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Surface indicators of turbulence in stream flows include eddies and_________ .


A) dissolved load
B) fluvial processes
C) whirlpools
D) braided streams
E) meandering

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The largest river in the world without a delta is the______ River.


A) Hwang Ho
B) Nile
C) Mississippi
D) Amazon
E) Indus

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Which is the most common type of drainage pattern?


A) centripetal
B) dendritic
C) annular
D) radial
E) trellis

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The chemical erosion of stream channels is known as __________.


A) corrosion
B) erosion
C) turbulence
D) competence
E) abrasion

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First order streams are the ____________ of all streams.


A) deepest
B) fastest
C) longest
D) shortest
E) widest

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Death Valley is below sea level. Therefore, in Death Valley, base level is________ ultimate base level.


A) equal to
B) lower than
C) not related to
D) higher than
E) unchanging with respect to

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The detachment and removal of fragmented rock material is known as __________ .


A) sedimentation
B) leaching
C) diastrophism
D) regolith stripping
E) erosion

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A steep walled defile with a V- shaped profile and narrow valley floor would, according to the geomorphic cycle, be in the________ stage.


A) mature
B) peneplain
C) equilibrium
D) youthful
E) old age

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Marking the outer edge of floodplains are landforms called ________.


A) bluffs
B) levees
C) meanders
D) mesas
E) ox bow lakes

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Which of the following is NOT a component of stream load?


A) bedload
B) sediments undergoing saltation
C) dissolved load
D) suspended load
E) alluvium

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On sloping ground, most particles move downhill because of the collision of raindrops with the landscape. This movement of sediment is known as___________ .

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Niagara Falls tumbles over a massive bed of resistant limestone known as the Niagara ___________.


A) Basin
B) Fault
C) Escarpment
D) Anticline
E) Syncline

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Equilibrium theory has serious shortcomings in deserts and areas which are_________ .


A) tectonically stable
B) at high altitudes
C) mountainous
D) within drainage basins
E) at high latitudes

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Streams which flow for only a part of the year are __________ .


A) superimposed
B) antecedent
C) consequent
D) intermittent
E) dry

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A flat alluvium- floored valley with fairly steep walls and a stream beginning to meander would be in the__________ stage of the erosion cycle.


A) bajada
B) peneplain
C) mature
D) old age
E) youth

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Downcutting is usually most prominent along the ___________ part of a stream valley.


A) lower
B) delta
C) interfluve
D) upper
E) none of the above

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A "bird's foot" pattern is indicative of a _______.


A) river delta
B) downcutting stream
C) captured stream
D) peneplain
E) knickpoint

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The general term applied to stream- deposited debris is ______.


A) refuse
B) capacity
C) bedload
D) alluvium
E) discharge

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___________ theory is the currently accepted explanation of landform development.

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