Question 1

_____ is to gratification as _____ is to restraint.

Accepted Answer

A)   Ego; superego
B)   Id; superego
C)   Superego; ego
D)   Superego; id

Question 2

Behaviorists believe that only _____ can be observed and measured, so that is what should define personality.

Accepted Answer

A)   thoughts
B)   actions
C)   feelings
D)   ideas

Question 3

According to research, which Big Five trait is the BEST predictor of grades and motivation to succeed?

Accepted Answer

A)   agreeableness
B)   conscientiousness
C)   extraversion
D)   openness to experience

Question 4

Some psychological tests are created using a process called _____ test construction: a way to create objective personality tests in which items are included only if different groups respond differently to them.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensitive
B)   cultural
C)   empirical
D)   differential

Question 5

Which personality test has the client create stories in response to cards that show people in undefined situations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rorschach inkblot technique
B)   Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) 
C)   Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) 
D)   NEO-Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3)

Question 6

The tendency to be socially outgoing is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   introversion.
B)   extraversion.
C)   agreeableness.
D)   openness to experience.

Question 7

Raymond Cattell is well known for using a statistical procedure called _____ to form clusters of personality traits that are correlated with each other.

Accepted Answer

A)   chi-square analysis
B)   analysis of variance
C)   factor analysis
D)   multivariate regression

Question 8

Which group of words would BEST exemplify the outcome of a factor analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   shy, withdrawn, reserved
B)   competitive, bashful, confused
C)   outgoing, anxious, irresponsible
D)   honest, stubborn, sociable

Question 9

Psychologists commonly use all of these methods to assess personality EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   conversing with clients in interviews.
B)   observing clients' behaviors.
C)   measuring clients' responses to situations.
D)   using lie detector tests on clients.

Question 10

According to Freud, for boys, the childhood experience of desiring your mother and resenting your father is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   genital stage.
B)   Oedipus complex.
C)   Electra complex.
D)   self-efficacy complex.

Question 11

Repression is a defense mechanism characterized by the ego:

Accepted Answer

A)   blocking external events from consciousness because they are too threatening.
B)   hiding your id impulse in the unconscious to keep you unaware of it.
C)   retreating to an earlier time in your life when the current stressor was absent.
D)   coming up with seemingly acceptable explanations for behaviors actually based on id impulses.

Question 12

According to trait theorists, traits are:

Accepted Answer

A)   characteristics of one's personality that may vary from situation to situation.
B)   stable elements of personality that influence one's thoughts, feelings, and behavior across most situations.
C)   motives that drive one's personality due to unconscious forces stemming from childhood events.
D)   challenges that emerge as an interaction between the environment and one's cognition and that impact personality.

Question 13

Which statement is TRUE about objective personality tests?

Accepted Answer

A)   The primary downside is that the tests are in a self-report format, which means clients answer questions about themselves.
B)   The tests are highly valid and reliable, allowing there to be great flexibility on when and where they are given.
C)   The tests are very accurate tools for describing your own behavior, particularly in the work place.
D)   There is no way to fool this type of test, or to appear to have a better or worse personality than a person actually does.

Question 14

Describe three reasons why a psychologist may conduct a formal personality assessment. Give an example for each reason. Discuss why multimethod assessment is the preferred method to evaluate personality.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists assess personality for a v...

Question 15

Lulita was raised by demanding parents who were very controlling and as a result is a neat freak who is very particular about where things go in her environment. Freud would say Lulita was fixated in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   oral
B)   phallic
C)   anal
D)   genital

Question 16

The psychodynamic theory of personality focuses on early childhood experiences and:

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious forces.
B)   self-concept.
C)   psychosexual stages.
D)   self-actualization.

Question 17

The Latin word locus is the root of the word:

Accepted Answer

A)   focus.
B)   change.
C)   control.
D)   location.

Question 18

Rationalization is a defense mechanism characterized by the ego:

Accepted Answer

A)   coming up with seemingly acceptable explanations for behaviors actually based on id impulses.
B)   overreacting against the id impulses by doing the exact opposite, as if overcompensating.
C)   placing your id impulse onto others, so it appears they have the impulse rather than you.
D)   redirecting the id impulse toward a safer outlet in order to minimize the consequences to you.

Question 19

_____ emphasized the idea of locus of control, or your belief about how much control you have over what happens to you.

Accepted Answer

A)   Julian Rotter
B)   Abraham Maslow
C)   Carl Rogers
D)   Albert Bandura

Question 20

Which follower of Freud's proposed the idea of an inferiority complex?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carl Jung
B)   Erik Erikson
C)   Alfred Adler
D)   Karen Horney

Exam 12: Personality

The Latin word locus is the root of the word:

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Which group of words would BEST exemplify the outcome of a factor analysis?

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Which follower of Freud's proposed the idea of an inferiority complex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rationalization is a defense mechanism characterized by the ego:

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According to Freud, for boys, the childhood experience of desiring your mother and resenting your father is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists commonly use all of these methods to assess personality EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repression is a defense mechanism characterized by the ego:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ emphasized the idea of locus of control, or your belief about how much control you have over what happens to you.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lulita was raised by demanding parents who were very controlling and as a result is a neat freak who is very particular about where things go in her environment. Freud would say Lulita was fixated in the _____ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychodynamic theory of personality focuses on early childhood experiences and:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which personality test has the client create stories in response to cards that show people in undefined situations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behaviorists believe that only _____ can be observed and measured, so that is what should define personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to trait theorists, traits are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to be socially outgoing is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe three reasons why a psychologist may conduct a formal personality assessment. Give an example for each reason. Discuss why multimethod assessment is the preferred method to evaluate personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedPsychologists assess personality for a v...View AnswerShow Answer

Raymond Cattell is well known for using a statistical procedure called _____ to form clusters of personality traits that are correlated with each other.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is TRUE about objective personality tests?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, which Big Five trait is the BEST predictor of grades and motivation to succeed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychological tests are created using a process called _____ test construction: a way to create objective personality tests in which items are included only if different groups respond differently to them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is to gratification as _____ is to restraint.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Psychologists assess personality for a v...
View Answer

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_ is to gratification as _ is to restraint.

Correct Answer
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