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Large firms often have a single dominant culture with a universal set of shared actions, values, and beliefs.

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Observable culture, shared values, and core values are the three layers of __________.

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Research finds that most organizational cultures are identical to one another.

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A diagram that depicts the formal structure of a firm is called __________.


A) a matrix structure
B) the horizontal structure
C) a staff unit
D) an organization chart
E) a line unit

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The Wall Street Journal reported in 2009 that older workers tend to be at greater risk of layoffs because most employers use a "first in/first out" rule when cutting back on staff.

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The term shared in cultural analysis implies that the group is a whole.

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The obvious organizational design response to uncertainty and volatility is to opt for a(n) __________ structure.


A) mechanistic
B) organic
C) bureaucratic
D) hierarchical
E) centralized

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__________ groups individuals together by products, territories, services, clients, or legal entities.

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Divisional...

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Briefly discuss how managers build and maintain strong cultures.

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Managers establish and maintain effectiv...

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Managers should consider doing all of the following to develop a strong culture for a unit EXCEPT:


A) developing a widely shared understanding of what the organization stands for.
B) demonstrating a concern for management rules and procedures over employees.
C) using rituals and ceremonies to build a common identity.
D) recognizing and rewarding actions that illustrate the company's shared philosophy and concerns.
E) instilling a belief that information and ideas should be shared.

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A cultural symbol is any object, act, or event that serves to transmit cultural meaning.

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Tony is a new manager at Tone Corporation. He is listening to stories, ceremonies, and corporate rituals that make up the history of the company. In the context of the layers of cultural analysis, Tony is understanding the __________.


A) common cultural assumptions within the organization
B) observable culture of the organization
C) nonverbal aspects of the organization
D) core values within the organization
E) shared values within the organization

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Large organizations have subcultures as well as one or more countercultures.

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Organizations are encouraged to develop a dominant and coherent set of __________. Although every member may not agree with them, all members will know they are important.


A) observable attitudes
B) implicit needs
C) common perceptions
D) shared values
E) common assumptions

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William works for UPS and is required to wear a brown uniform. The corporate uniforms worn by UPS delivery personnel are examples of __________.


A) symbols
B) rites
C) rituals
D) cultural attributes
E) cultural proxies

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__________ are important because they are used to tell new members the founding story of the company.


A) Artifacts
B) Myths
C) Rituals
D) Rites
E) Sagas

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Production and operations are examples of staff units.

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In the context of the types of organizational structures, a(n) __________ is highly fluid and adaptable, designed to change in accordance with the needs of the environment.


A) self-managing bureaucracy
B) mechanistic bureaucracy
C) organic structure
D) functional structure
E) departmental structure

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Tall structures have a wider span of control than flat structures.

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An organization with a strong culture possesses a broad and deeply shared value system.

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