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The most prevalent type of antibody in the blood is


A) IgD.
B) IgM.
C) IgA.
D) IgG.
E) IgE.

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Which of the following statements about lymphocytes is FALSE?


A) Once they are mature, they migrate to secondary lymphoid organs.
B) B and T lymphocytes can be differentiated under the bright-field light microscope.
C) Lymphocytes have integral surface proteins by which they can be recognized.
D) The glycoproteins on the surface of a lymphocyte are designated with the prefix CD, for "cluster of differentiation."
E) Lymphocytes have different types of CD molecules in their cytoplasmic membranes.

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What type of immunity is produced by the body when a person contracts a disease?


A) innate immunity
B) naturally acquired passive immunity
C) artificially acquired active immunity
D) artificially acquired passive immunity
E) naturally acquired active immunity

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T lymphocytes mature in the (bone marrow/lymph node/thymus).

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Which of the following statements concerning the chemical structure of an antibody is FALSE?


A) Antibodies are formed of four polypeptide chains.
B) Antibodies have two long peptide chains known as heavy chains.
C) Antibodies have two short peptide chains known as light chains.
D) The stem and arm are connected by a hinge.
E) The heavy and light chains are connected by hydrogen bonds.

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Which of the following function in agglutination?


A) IgA antibodies
B) IgG antibodies
C) IgE antibodies
D) IgD antibodies
E) IgA and IgG antibodies

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Molecules with a molecular mass less than 5000 daltons can become antigens when they bind to carrier molecules.

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What are the steps involved in B cell activation?

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B cell activation involves many steps.Fi...

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   The antibody function known as (agglutination/neutralization/opsonization)is illustrated in Figure The antibody function known as (agglutination/neutralization/opsonization)is illustrated in Figure

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What is the result when a dendritic cell phagocytizes a microbe and processes it?


A) activation of the dendritic cell to become a plasma cell
B) display of epitope-MHC I complexes on the surface of the cell
C) suppression of the immune response to the microbe
D) display of microbial fragments with CD8 glycoproteins
E) display of microbial epitope-MHC II complexes on the cell surface

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Which of the following is an exogenous antigen?


A) a bacterium inside a cell
B) a virus inside a cell
C) a bacterium outside a cell
D) a noninfected human cell
E) the malaria parasite inside a red blood cell

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Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs)include B cells,macrophages,and (dendritic/plasma/T)cells.

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Plasma cells produce (antibody/chemokine/cytotoxic)molecules.

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Which of the following statements concerning specific immunity is FALSE?


A) It is the third line of defense.
B) It has memory.
C) It changes little with repeated exposure to the same pathogen.
D) It is acquired.
E) It is the body's ability to respond to specific invading pathogens.

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Cytotoxic T lymphocytes insert (CD95/lectin/perforin)into the membranes of the cells they target as a first step in killing.

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The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 250,000 to 500,000 identical copies of (BCR/MHC/TCR).

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Which of the following statements concerning plasma cells is FALSE?


A) They live for many years and function as memory cells.
B) They are descended from activated B cells.
C) They can produce large quantities of antibodies on a daily basis.
D) They secrete a single type of antibody molecule specific for a single epitope.
E) The antibodies they produce can remain in circulation for weeks.

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Class II MHC are found on


A) the skin.
B) red blood cells.
C) cytoplasmic membranes of nucleated cells.
D) muscle cells.
E) professional antigen-presenting cells.

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The IgG molecules which cross the placenta and circulate in a baby's bloodstream provide the baby with natural (active/innate/passive)immunity.

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Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?


A) the bone marrow
B) the spleen
C) the liver
D) both the bone marrow and the spleen
E) the thymus

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