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Exam 12: Stellar Evolution

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Question 1

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As a main sequence star evolves off the main sequence, the helium core is contracting while the outer envelope is _______________.

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expanding

Question 2

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As a one-solar-mass star evolves off the main sequence, it will probably undergo a _____.

A) nova burnout
B) helium flash
C) hydrogen flash
D) helium bang
E) carbon flash

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Question 3

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Degenerate matter has two peculiar properties that can affect a star.  One is that the degenerate gas resists compression, and the other is that the degenerate gas ____.

List the two basic types of intrinsic variable stars.

Explain how one of the four laws of stellar structure works.

Observing star clusters will give astronomers needed data for stellar evolution because all the stars in the cluster have the same ____.

Define nuclear fusion.

When a gas is so dense that most of its electrons are not free to change their energies, it is called _______________.

Why is there an upper end in the main sequence of the H-R diagram?

Cepheid variable stars are classified as either ____.

The period-luminosity relation for Cepheid and RR Lyrae variable stars can be used for ______________.

If you observe a variable star with a period of 50 days as a yellow, supergiant star, then you most likely have seen a(n) ____.

Giant and supergiant stars are rare because they do not form as often as main sequence stars.

The age of a star cluster can be approximated by finding its turnoff point in the distribution of data points that represent stars on the H-R Diagram.

Astronomers determine the internal structure of a star by using stellar models, since they cannot "see" into the interior of a star.

What is degenerate matter?

There is a mass-luminosity relationship because stars support their weight by generating energy, and more massive stars have more weight to support.

Briefly explain why there is a main sequence on the H-R Diagram.

When the Sun moves off the main sequence, it will initially become a red supergiant.

Astronomers can determine the interiors of main sequence stars by _____.