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Dietary Reference Intakes are designed to:


A) recommend numbers of servings of food to eat per day.
B) help food manufacturers decide on product contents and processing methods.
C) meet minimum nutrient needs to prevent malnutrition in people.
D) specify nutrient needs that best support the health of people in the United States and Canada.
E) guide people in establishing daily energy intake levels to maintain energy balance.

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You are at a friend's house for dinner and high-fat foods are being served. You go ahead and consume these foods primarily because of:


A) emotional state.
B) associations.
C) social interaction.
D) ethnic heritage.
E) medical conditions.

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Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
added sugars
Responses
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.

Correct Answer

The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.

Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
eating pattern
Responses
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.

Correct Answer

The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.

Which group of foods has the highest nutrient density?


A) lamb, ice cream, and pre-sweetened cereal
B) whole-grain bread, poultry, and skim milk
C) cottage cheese, sweet potatoes, and ham
D) dried apples, legumes, and pancakes
E) legumes, lamb, and baked apples

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The Nutrition Facts panel of a carton of yogurt indicates that it contains 5 grams of fat per serving; therefore, this product can legally claim to be fat free.

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The FDA advises consumers that:


A) a product that is labeled as "natural" or "nontoxic" is always safe to use.
B) products based on "ancient remedies" are preferable to those based on modern "scientific breakthroughs."
C) they should be suspicious of product claims that use impressive-sounding medical terms.
D) an offer of a "money-back" guarantee from the manufacturer means the product is more likely to be effective.
E) numerous testimonials about the effectiveness of a product means the product is likely to work well.

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Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
chronic diseases
Responses
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.

Correct Answer

Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.

Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
undernutrition
Responses
The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.

Correct Answer

The characteristic of a diet that provides all the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy necessary to maintain health and body weight.
The dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs.
Overconsumption of food energy or nutrients sufficient to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
Underconsumption of food energy or nutrients severe enough to cause disease or increased susceptibility to disease; a form of malnutrition.
The provision of enough, but not too much, of a substance.
Diseases characterized by slow progression, long duration, and degeneration of body organs due in part to such personal lifestyle elements as poor food choices, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of physical activity.
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides. The more nutrients and the fewer kcalories, the higher the nutrient density.
Customary intake of foods and beverages over time.
Sugars, syrups, and other kcaloric sweeteners that are added to foods during processing or preparation or at the table.

Consuming nutrient-dense foods can help control one's kcalorie intake. ​

Correct Answer

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Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
deficient
Responses
A set of values that are used as guides for nutrient intakes when scientific evidence is insufficient to determine RDA.
The lowest continuing intake of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of adequacy.
A set of values reflecting the highest average daily nutrient intake levels that are likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.
Ranges of intakes for the energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic disease.
In regard to nutrient intake, the amount below which almost all healthy people can be expected, over time, to experience deficiency symptoms.
A set of values reflecting the average daily amounts of nutrients considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group; a goal for dietary intake by individuals.
A set of values for the dietary nutrient intakes of healthy people in the United States and Canada.
The average daily nutrient intake levels estimated to meet the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a given age and gender group.
The dietary energy intake level that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined age, gender, weight, and physical activity level consistent with good health.

Correct Answer

A set of values that are used as guides for nutrient intakes when scientific evidence is insufficient to determine RDA.
The lowest continuing intake of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of adequacy.
A set of values reflecting the highest average daily nutrient intake levels that are likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.
Ranges of intakes for the energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic disease.
In regard to nutrient intake, the amount below which almost all healthy people can be expected, over time, to experience deficiency symptoms.
A set of values reflecting the average daily amounts of nutrients considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group; a goal for dietary intake by individuals.
A set of values for the dietary nutrient intakes of healthy people in the United States and Canada.
The average daily nutrient intake levels estimated to meet the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a given age and gender group.
The dietary energy intake level that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined age, gender, weight, and physical activity level consistent with good health.

You are advising a client on components of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans . Which of the following would you include in your advice?


A) Increase vegetable and fruit intake.
B) Decrease intake of milk and milk products to two servings per day.
C) Decrease intake of whole grains and other complex carbohydrates.
D) Increase intake of trans fats and saturated fats.
E) Increase intake of protein and decrease vegetable fibers.

Correct Answer

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Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises
EAR
Responses
The average daily nutrient intake levels estimated to meet the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a given age and gender group.
A set of values that are used as guides for nutrient intakes when scientific evidence is insufficient to determine RDA.
The dietary energy intake level that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined age, gender, weight, and physical activity level consistent with good health.
A set of values reflecting the average daily amounts of nutrients considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group; a goal for dietary intake by individuals.
A set of values for the dietary nutrient intakes of healthy people in the United States and Canada.
The lowest continuing intake of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of adequacy.
In regard to nutrient intake, the amount below which almost all healthy people can be expected, over time, to experience deficiency symptoms.
A set of values reflecting the highest average daily nutrient intake levels that are likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.
Ranges of intakes for the energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Correct Answer

The average daily nutrient intake levels estimated to meet the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a given age and gender group.
A set of values that are used as guides for nutrient intakes when scientific evidence is insufficient to determine RDA.
The dietary energy intake level that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined age, gender, weight, and physical activity level consistent with good health.
A set of values reflecting the average daily amounts of nutrients considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group; a goal for dietary intake by individuals.
A set of values for the dietary nutrient intakes of healthy people in the United States and Canada.
The lowest continuing intake of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of adequacy.
In regard to nutrient intake, the amount below which almost all healthy people can be expected, over time, to experience deficiency symptoms.
A set of values reflecting the highest average daily nutrient intake levels that are likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.
Ranges of intakes for the energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Explain the difference between a health claim and a structure-function claim on a food label. ​

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Health claims describe the relationship ...

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The reason that most of us enjoy turkey and pumpkin pie at Thanksgiving is because of our:


A) habits.
B) associations.
C) values.
D) emotional states.
E) age.

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One of the first nutrition surveys, taken before World War II, suggested that:


A) at least 90% of the population had adequate nutritional intakes.
B) 75% of the population needed to change their eating habits.
C) less than 5% of the population were eating appropriately.
D) up to one-third of the population may have been eating poorly.
E) one in two pregnant women did not have adequate nutritional intakes.

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For comparison purposes, 3 ounces of meat can be visualized as being about the size of _____ .


A) a 9-volt battery.
B) a CD case.
C) a deck of cards.
D) a paperback book.
E) a cellular phone.

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The 2015  Dietary Guidelines for Americans specifically recommends eating at least ________ of your grains from whole grains.


A) 50%
B) 100%
C) 75%
D) 25%
E) 60%

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The six diet planning principles include:


A) adequacy, B vitamins, carbohydrates, meat, variety, and portion control.
B) abundance, balance, carbohydrates, moderation, vegetables, and variety.
C) adequacy, balance, kcalorie control, moderation, variety, and nutrient density.
D) abundance, B vitamins, kcalorie control, milk, vegetables, and nutrient density.
E) adequacy, balance, kcalorie control, moderation, variety, and protein.

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According to the DRI committee, protein should provide ______ of daily kcalories. ​


A) 45-65%
B) 20-40%
C) 10-35%
D) 35-45% ​
E) 0-10%

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