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A graph used to visualize and analyze variation is a________.


A) pie chart.
B) boxplot.
C) histogram.
D) line chart.

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If the variance of a distribution is 16, the mean is 12, and the number of cases is 24, the standard deviation is________.


A) 4.
B) 6.
C) 8.
D) 12.

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If a variable is interval-ratio in level of measurement, the preferred measure of variation would be________.


A) the mean.
B) the range.
C) the standard deviation.
D) the percentile.

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The expression The expression instructs us to _______. A) sum the scores. B) sum the scores and then subtract the mean. C) subtract every ith score from the mean. D) subtract the mean from each score and add up the deviations. instructs us to _______.


A) sum the scores.
B) sum the scores and then subtract the mean.
C) subtract every "ith" score from the mean.
D) subtract the mean from each score and add up the deviations.

Correct Answer

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The information below compares the final exam grades for 2 biology classes: The information below compares the final exam grades for 2 biology classes: What may we conclude? Class 1 _______. A) is more homogeneous. B) is more heterogeneous. C) was a better class. D) had no grade higher than a 90. What may we conclude? Class 1 _______.


A) is more homogeneous.
B) is more heterogeneous.
C) was a better class.
D) had no grade higher than a 90.

Correct Answer

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B

The standard deviation(s) ________.


A) squares the deviations to eliminate negative values.
B) decreases in value as distributions become more heterogeneous.
C) does not use all the scores.
D) is based on the median rather than the mean.

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A boxplot uses all but which of the following to present dispersion?


A) median
B) third quartile (Q 3 )
C) standard deviation
D) first quartile (Q 1 )

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As a distribution of scores becomes more variable, the value of the standard deviation________.


A) decreases.
B) stays the same.
C) increases.
D) becomes unpredictable.

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C

The scores below are from the same final exam given in a math class in two different years. Compute the mean and median (if necessary) and the range and standard deviation of these scores. Using these statistics, describe the differences in the two sets of scores. The scores below are from the same final exam given in a math class in two different years. Compute the mean and median (if necessary) and the range and standard deviation of these scores. Using these statistics, describe the differences in the two sets of scores.

Correct Answer

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The second quartile (Q2) is equal in value to________.


A) the mode.
B) the median.
C) the mean.
D) the range.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following data sets shows the greatest variability?


A) 9, 10, 11
B) 0, 5, 9
C) 50, 60, 170
D) 31, 33, 35

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The greater the skew of a distribution of scores, ________.


A) the lower the value of the standard deviation.
B) the higher the value of the standard deviation.
C) the lower the value of the range.
D) None of the answer choices: measures of variation are not affected by skew.

Correct Answer

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Four students have applied to a special program and only one can be accepted. They have taken a battery of 12 tests and all have exactly the same average score. The standard deviation of their test scores are: Student A = 3.12, Student B = 0.27, Student C = 13.45, Student D = 6.45. If consistency of performance is a criterion for acceptance, which of the four students should be selected?


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Correct Answer

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Your score on the test is the same as the third quartile (Q3) . You may conclude that________.


A) you scored higher than 75% of the people who took the test.
B) the distribution of the scores is skewed.
C) your score is 'typical' since it is the same value as the median.
D) you scored higher than 25% of the people who took the test.

Correct Answer

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Some information about auto theft rates (number of auto thefts per 100,000 population) for a sample of 178 cities in two different years is summarized below. Some information about auto theft rates (number of auto thefts per 100,000 population) for a sample of 178 cities in two different years is summarized below. Express this statistical information in words. What changes were there in the overall shape of the variation of this variable? In central tendency? In dispersion? Express this statistical information in words. What changes were there in the overall shape of the variation of this variable? In central tendency? In dispersion?

Correct Answer

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If a distribution of scores has a mean of 30 and a range of 0________.


A) the variance is 30.
B) the quartile deviation (Q) is 10.
C) there is no variation in the distribution.
D) the standard deviation is 1.

Correct Answer

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If the standard deviation of a group of scores is 0,________.


A) the range would be at a maximum value.
B) there is maximum variation in the scores.
C) there is no variation in the scores.
D) the mean is larger than the median.

Correct Answer

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C

In a boxplot, an outlier is defined as a score that is________.


A) greater than 1.5 times the height of the box.
B) less than 1.5 times the height of the box.
C) greater than 1.25 times the height of the box.
D) greater than 0.75 times the height of the box.

Correct Answer

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If distribution A and distribution B have the same mean but A has a larger standard deviation, we may conclude that________.


A) the medians of both distributions would be the same.
B) distribution B has a range of 0.
C) A has a greater degree of variation.
D) distribution B displays more variety.

Correct Answer

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The range (R) is found by subtracting the lowest from the highest score in the distribution. Therefore, R could NOT be found for________.


A) nominal level variables.
B) discrete variables.
C) ordinal level variables.
D) continuous variables.

Correct Answer

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