Exam 22: Speciation

A) They have complex social behaviors.
B) They have excellent dispersal ability.
C) They pollinate many flowers.
D) They move slowly.
E) The high ridges separating valleys are a barrier to their dispersal.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Hybrid infertility
B) Behavioral isolation
C) Mechanical isolation
D) Hybrid zones
E) Incompatibility between gametes

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) The two species exhibit postzygotic reproductive isolation, but not prezygotic isolation.
B) The two species exhibit prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive isolation.
C) There is no evidence for reinforcement.
D) A hybrid zone has formed.
E) Sympatric speciation has occurred.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Population 1 males and population 2 females
B) Population 1 males and population 3 females
C) Population 2 males and population 1 females
D) Population 2 males and population 3 females
E) Population 2 males and population 4 females

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Cross them; if they have much reproductive isolation, then they are likely to be cryptic species.
B) Cross them; if they have little reproductive isolation, then they are likely to be cryptic species.
C) Subject their DNA to phylogenetic analysis; if they are distinct evolutionary branches, then they are likely to be cryptic species.
D) Subject their DNA to phylogenetic analysis; if they are distinct evolutionary branches, then they are unlikely to be cryptic species.
E) The biological species cannot be applied to determine whether they are cryptic species.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Birds
B) Mammals that form monogamous pair bonds
C) Asexual fungi
D) Fungi that engage in sexual reproduction
E) Cryptic species

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) hybrid infertility.
B) low hybrid zygote viability.
C) low hybrid adult viability.
D) habitat isolation.
E) behavioral isolation.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) a hybrid zone
B) habitat isolation.
C) gametic isolation.
D) behavioral isolation.
E) the inability of closely related species to hybridize.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Several, but not all, of the finches eat mostly seeds.
B) There are more species of these finches than there are of the Hawaiian Drosophila.
C) They arose from at least three different species from the South American mainland.
D) They show little differentiation in their beak shape and differ mainly in their size.
E) None of the finches eat insects.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) animals do not make sophisticated discriminations among potential mating partners.
B) individuals make subtle discriminations among members of their own species on the basis of size, shape, appearance, and behavior.
C) mating success is relatively evenly distributed among individuals.
D) mating behaviors can lead to postzygotic reproductive barriers in certain populations.
E) asexual organisms do not mate and cannot undergo speciation.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Little reinforcement of prezygotic barriers if the hybrids are unfit
B) Interbreeding between the two populations if reproductive isolation is not complete
C) Spread of hybrids through both populations if the hybrids are fit, resulting in gene flow between them
D) A lack of interbreeding if reproductive isolation had been established before contact
E) The development of hybrid zones that last for long periods of time

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) An eight-lane highway dividing a population of snails with limited mobility
B) A deep, narrow river dividing a population of hummingbirds
C) A deep, narrow river dividing a population of white-footed mice (not known for their swimming ability)
D) A patch of land bisecting a river and divides a population of minnows
E) A mountain range divideing a population of moths

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Allopolyploidy involves disruptive selection; autopolyploidy does not
B) Autopolyploidy involves disruptive selection; allopolyploidy does not
C) If speciation is allopatric rather than sympatric, the mode of speciation is allopolyploidy; if speciation is sympatric rather than allopatric, the mode of speciation is autopolyploidy
D) In autopolyploidy, one parental species contributes to the polyploidy; in allopolyploidy, two parental species contribute to the polyploidy
E) In allopolyploidy, one parental species contributes to the polyploidy; in autopolyploidy, two parental species contribute to the polyploidy

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) F1F1; G1G1
B) F1F2; G1G2
C) F2F0; G1G2
D) F1F2; G0G1
E) F1F2; G1G1

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Autopolyploids may be produced when individuals of two different but closely related species hybridize.
B) Botanists estimate that 95 percent of fern species are polyploids.
C) Autopolyploids are often fertile, because each of the chromosomes has a nearly identical partner to pair with during meiosis.
D) Polyploidy is more common in animals than in plants.
E) A tetraploid individual can usually produce viable offspring by mating with a diploid.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer