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Policy adoption involves ______.


A) considering a problem, determining the existence of a solution, and the political will to deal with it
B) bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
C) the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
D) determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice

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In public policy, reconciliation refers to ______.


A) agreements among members of Congress to vote for bills that other members favor, so that others will support bills that a member wants
B) a procedural move in Congress that directs committees to create or revise legislation to meet a specific budgetary target
C) a policymaking relationship between interest groups, congressional committees, and relevant bureaucrats
D) the rewarding of presidential supporters with appointments to bureaucratic positions

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B

Lowi's regulatory policies ______.


A) extend goods and services to constituents, as well as meting out the costs of those goods and services amongst the constituents
B) limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or otherwise coerce certain behaviors
C) create or reform executive power entities, or deal with laws, that can have a broad impact
D) transfer resources from one group to another, typically with the intent of minimizing social or economic inequality in some way

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Policy implementation involves ______.


A) bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
B) the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
C) determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
D) assessment of whether the policy is working or not, and what can be done to improve it if needed

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C

Regulatory policies are aimed at protecting individual citizens rather than businesses.

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In public policy, the iron triangle refers to ______.


A) agreements among members of Congress to vote for bills that other members favor, so that others will support bills that a member wants
B) a procedural move in Congress that directs committees to create or revise legislation to meet a specific budgetary target
C) a policymaking relationship between interest groups, congressional committees, and relevant bureaucrats
D) the rewarding of presidential supporters with appointments to bureaucratic positions

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C

Setting and carrying out policy are in the exclusive purview of Congress and the Presidency in the U.S.

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The study of roll call voting behavior among legislators is an example of the study of which of the stages of the policymaking process?


A) agenda setting
B) policy formulation
C) policy adoption
D) evaluation

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The deal made between Democrats and Republicans in 2018 to fund the federal government-which included disagreements over the DACA-focused on completing which type of action?


A) continuing resolution
B) executive order
C) reconciliation
D) policy adoption

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Reductions in force refer to the idea that ______.


A) an agency's budget is based on the prior year's figures and will only change by a small amount
B) policies generally exhibit long periods of stability with short periods of significant change
C) the federal bureaucracy can be shrunk by presidential order
D) agencies and unelected officials have an active role to play in policymaking decisions

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The idea that policies remain relatively stable, but can be marked by periods of great change, is known as ______.


A) incrementalism
B) punctuated equilibrium
C) reductions in force
D) bureaucratic politics

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In the study of public policy and public administration, 'bottom-up' policymaking does not refer to grassroots movements' influence on the policymaking process.

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Public policy is ______.


A) the implementation of government policy
B) the rules and norms through and under which political actors behave
C) government-defined solutions to societal and governmental problems
D) the authoritative distribution of resources (who gets what, when, and how)

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The tool used by Congress in the legislative process to limit specific capacities or behaviors of the bureaucracy is known as a policy ______.


A) diffusion
B) monopoly
C) network
D) rider

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Patronage in the executive branch is also referred to ______.


A) logrolling
B) policy network
C) the iron triangle
D) the spoils system

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In the process of policymaking and public administration, what is the nature of checks and balances between the bureaucracy, the presidency, and Congress?

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Responses should be able to coherently s...

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What are the similarities and differences between iron triangles and policy networks? Which idea provides a clearer conceptualization and description of agenda setters and policy influencers in the real world, and why?

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Answers should cover both concepts in de...

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In the agenda setting process, which of the following political institutions is considered majoritarian?


A) Executive Branch
B) House of Representatives
C) Judiciary
D) Senate

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Policy evaluation involves ______.


A) bargaining and negotiation amongst policymakers to devise an acceptable solution to a policy problem
B) the process of selection, legislation, and passing of policy by decision makers and elected politicians
C) determining the meaning of (often vague) terms and how policies will be put into practice
D) assessment of whether the policy is working or not, and what can be done to improve it if needed

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Lowi's redistributive policies ______.


A) extend goods and services to constituents, as well as meting out the costs of those goods and services amongst the constituents
B) limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or otherwise coerce certain behaviors
C) create or reform executive power entities, or deal with laws, that can have a broad impact
D) transfer resources from one group to another, typically with the intent of minimizing social or economic inequality in some way

Correct Answer

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