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Exam 1: The Nature of Emotion

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Question 31

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Two people, Jamie and Shawn, are waiting to board the same flight at the airport. Although it is 20 minutes before the flight is scheduled to leave, their plane is still not at the gate. Jamie is uncertain about whether the flight will be late, and feels anxious. Shawn receives a text message confirming that the flight will definitely be leaving an hour late. Although both are in the same situation, Shawn's certainty leads to anger, rather than anxiety. This example best illustrates the principles of which theory of emotion?

A) Basic/discrete emotions theory
B) Schachter and Singer's theory
C) James and Lange's theory
D) The component process model

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Question 32

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Research evidence clearly indicates that, among the modern theories of emotion, the basic/discrete theory is correct.

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Question 33

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Which of the modern theories of emotion would predict that emotional response coherence, as measured in the study by Iris Mauss and colleagues, should be very low?

Which classic emotion theorist first proposed that different "shades of emotion" might correspond to different profiles of changes in the body?

In Schachter and Singer's study, participants who received epinephrine and were not told what symptoms to expect reported feeling more happy than angry after being exposed to the "happy" situation, but reported feeling more angry than happy after being exposed to the "angry" situation.

Imagine that two people are participants in the same study. After reliving a personal experience of loss, each participant is asked to rate how strongly he feels sadness on a scale from 0 (not sad at all) to 10 (strongest experience of sadness ever felt). One participant rates is sadness as a "6," the other as a 9." In fact, the two participants feel equally sad. Explain how this might happen, based upon the limitations of self-report measures discussed in your textbook.

The basic/discrete and psychological construction theories of emotion differ in their explanations of emotion categories, such as fear, anger, and sadness. According to basic/discrete emotion theory, where do these categories come from; why do people think of fear as different from anger, and so forth? According to psychological construction theory, where do these categories come from?

Which of the modern theories of emotion most strongly proposes that emotion categories, such as fear and anger, are learned, culturally defined concepts rather than reflecting distinctions present in human nature?