A) Congress gives up some of its power to the executive branch.
B) the federal government is downsized by delegating the implementation of programs to state and local governments.
C) state and local governments are downsized by delegating the implementation of programs to the federal government.
D) the United States delegates some of its power to the United Nations.
E) the federal government is downsized by completely cutting wasteful programs.
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A) Barack Obama
B) George W. Bush
C) George H. W. Bush
D) Ronald Reagan
E) Bill Clinton
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A) The Fed was established by George Washington and Alexander Hamilton in 1793.
B) Congress created the Fed in 1913.
C) The Fed was established in 1933, during the famous "Hundred Days" of the New Deal.
D) Richard Nixon established the Fed in 1969 as an attempt to gain more White House control over monetary policy.
E) The Fed was established by Herbert Hoover as a weak attempt at warding off the Great Depression.
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B
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A) providing adequate government oversight for an increasingly expanding force of independent contractors
B) creating a national database to make it easier for the government to collect tax revenues from government contractors
C) creating a national database to make sure that government contractors do not have any conflicts of interest with high-ranking public officials
D) creating a better system so that the government can find contractors to perform government jobs more quickly
E) increasing the number of contractors available to work for the government
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A) Congress passes laws creating and funding most federal bureaus.
B) The Cabinet secretaries create most federal bureaus out of administrative necessity and convenience.
C) Most federal bureaus are created by executive agreement.
D) Most federal bureaus are created by the Constitution's Article II powers.
E) Most federal bureaus are created by executive order of the president.
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A) The size of the federal workforce was reduced by about 50 percent.
B) The size of the federal workforce was reduced by about 25 percent.
C) The size of the federal workforce was reduced by about 10 percent.
D) The size of the federal workforce did not really change at all.
E) The size of the federal workforce increased by 15 percent.
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A) they are not subject to control by the president or Congress.
B) their actions cannot be overturned or challenged by courts.
C) they have the power of both "the purse" and "the sword."
D) legislatures, chief executives, and the people delegate vast power to them to make sure a particular job is done.
E) every one of their employees is appointed for life.
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A) Every member and official of a government agency has been appointed as part of the merit system.
B) The merit system establishes competitive exams for jobs.
C) The merit system gives bureaucrats job protection.
D) The merit system in federal employment originated in the Civil Service Reform Act of 1883.
E) The merit system stipulates that appointees to public office must be qualified for the job to which they are appointed.
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A) the stable relationship between a bureaucratic agency, a clientele group, and a legislative committee
B) the inability to reform federal rules without help from the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the president
C) the domination of a few large companies in the regulation of iron mining and smelting
D) the breakdown in the separation of powers between Congress, the federal judiciary, and the president
E) the stable relationship between a bureaucratic agency, a legislative committee, and the president
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A) the Federal Reserve System
B) the Secretary of the Treasury
C) the Internal Revenue Service
D) the Securities and Exchange Commission
E) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
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A) the standards associated with particular programs become increasingly rigid and hard to enforce.
B) the standards associated with particular programs become increasingly variable between states.
C) Congress is removed completely from the United States' foreign policy process.
D) programs become much more difficult to budget.
E) states have a much harder time implementing programs than the federal government does.
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A) Republican administrations have aimed to make the existing bureaucracy work more effectively while Democratic administrations have sought to reduce bureaucracy by contracting out government work to private companies.
B) Democratic administrations have aimed to make the existing bureaucracy work more effectively while Republican administrations have sought to reduce bureaucracy by contracting out government work to private companies.
C) Both Democratic and Republican administrations have rejected the idea of reducing bureaucracy and have aimed to make existing bureaucracy work more effectively.
D) Both Democratic and Republican administrations have given up on trying to make the existing bureaucracy function more effectively and instead sought to reduce bureaucracy by contracting out government work to private companies.
E) Both Democrats and Republicans have avoided any attempts to reform government bureaucracy.
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A) The marketplace would work more efficiently and quickly.
B) The marketplace would favor the more numerous workers rather than corporate interests.
C) The marketplace would fall into chaos.
D) The marketplace would globalize more quickly.
E) The marketplace would stabilize.
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A) Department of Health and Human Services
B) Department of Agriculture
C) Department of State
D) National Park Service
E) Department of Education
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B
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A) 1936; 6 million
B) 1968; 3 million
C) 1982; 1 million
D) 1996; 8 million
E) 2005; 10 million
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B
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A) national security; civil liberties of individuals
B) the flexibility of the president; oversight of state governors
C) the needs of domestic security; commitments of international treaties
D) the goals of diplomacy; needs of bureaucratic expertise
E) the authority of the president; power of Congress
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A) Defense
B) State
C) Police
D) Justice
E) Homeland Security
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A) They are part of the federal bureaucracy's merit system.
B) They are selected by the president, often as patronage for large campaign donations.
C) They are selected by the secretary of state.
D) They are elected to four-year terms of office by the nation to which they will be ambassador.
E) They are appointed by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.
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A) redistributive
B) police
C) regulatory
D) fiscal
E) clientele
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A) shrink the federal budget by selling government services or property in the private sector.
B) reduce government costs by relocating government programs to private groups or corporations.
C) reduce big government by doing without some of the programs it once provided.
D) increase the government's role by purchasing private companies.
E) reduce government costs by lowering the amount of benefits paid out to private citizens.
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