A) have patterned sleep-wake cycles.
B) are less attentive to their surroundings.
C) have depleted cortisol levels.
D) cry less often.
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Multiple Choice
A) Placing a sleeping baby on her back
B) Placing a baby on a firm sleep surface
C) Placing a sleeping infant on his side
D) Maternal cigarette smoking
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Essay
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View Answer
Multiple Choice
A) offer parents an early intelligence test score for their newborn.
B) measure the newborn's physical condition at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.
C) demonstrate to parents the capacities of their newborn infant.
D) teach new mothers how to bond with their babies.
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Multiple Choice
A) ineffective parenting.
B) the baby's temperament.
C) a compromised circulatory system.
D) the health of the baby's nervous system.
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Multiple Choice
A) measures the baby's blood oxygen levels during labor.
B) is required in most U.S. hospitals and used in over 85 percent of U.S. births.
C) is linked to a decreased rate of cesarean deliveries.
D) reduces the rate of infant brain damage and death in all pregnancies.
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Multiple Choice
A) The stepping reflex appears only when the newborn's body is in upright position.
B) Certain reflexes drop out early, but the motor functions involved are renewed later.
C) Parents should deliberately exercise newborn stepping reflexes to encourage early walking.
D) The tonic neck reflex may prepare the baby for voluntary walking.
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Multiple Choice
A) Expose the baby to continuous, monotonous, rhythmic sounds.
B) Lift the baby to the shoulder and rock or walk with her.
C) Dress the baby in several layers of clothing and blankets.
D) Let the baby cry because she needs to learn to self-soothe.
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Multiple Choice
A) at home and was a family-centered event.
B) at home and far away from other family members.
C) in a hospital with trained midwives.
D) in the home of a medical professional or in a hospital.
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Multiple Choice
A) the human parent-infant relationship depends on what happens during a sensitive period immediately after birth.
B) the human parent-infant relationship does not depend on a precise, early period of togetherness.
C) skin-to-skin contact between parent and baby is vital for the parent to feel affection and concern for the infant.
D) adoptive parents have difficulty developing warm relationships when the infant enters the family months after birth.
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Multiple Choice
A) Children born with serious birth complications will not grow into competent, well-adjusted adults unless they have supportive home environments.
B) Even when the overall balance of life events tips toward the favorable side, children with serious birth problems rarely develop successfully.
C) The impact of early biological risks often wanes as children's personal characteristics and social experiences contribute increasingly to their functioning.
D) Children born with birth complications often develop severe behavioral problems regardless of their home environment.
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Multiple Choice
A) toxemia.
B) placenta previa.
C) placenta abruptio.
D) toxoplasmosis.
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Multiple Choice
A) substantially higher in induced than spontaneous labors.
B) lower today than it was forty years ago.
C) currently about 10 percent in the United States.
D) lower in the United States than in other industrialized countries.
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Multiple Choice
A) the first stage of labor.
B) the second stage of labor.
C) transition.
D) the third stage of labor.
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Multiple Choice
A) leans against the body of the "head helper" to give birth.
B) gives birth in full view of the entire community.
C) gives birth in a hammock with a crowd of women close by.
D) gives birth in a freestanding birth center.
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Multiple Choice
A) she will be required to have a second cesarean delivery.
B) a natural labor after a cesarean is associated with increased rates of maternal death.
C) a natural labor after a cesarean is just as safe as a repeated cesarean delivery.
D) a natural labor after a cesarean is associated with slightly increased rates of rupture of the uterus.
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Multiple Choice
A) is the shortest.
B) involves delivery of the baby.
C) climaxes with a brief phase called transition.
D) involves birth of the placenta.
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Multiple Choice
A) is a life-threatening event that involves premature separation of the placenta.
B) occurs when the blastocyst implants so low in the uterus that the placenta covers the cervix.
C) decreases the chance that the baby will experience anoxia during labor and delivery.
D) involves the squeezing of the umbilical cord due to its position during delivery.
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Multiple Choice
A) Many home births are handled by certified nurse-midwifes.
B) Home delivery is more popular in the United States than in England.
C) Nearly 5 percent of American women now choose home delivery.
D) Home delivery is almost always dangerous for both mothers and babies.
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Multiple Choice
A) Music
B) Aromatherapy
C) Touch
D) Fresh air
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