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The Huguenots were staunch foes of the French monarchy until ________.


A) the Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
B) the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre
C) Henry of Navarre came to power
D) Elizabeth I provided financial and military support for their cause

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In the second half of the sixteenth century, Germany was an almost ungovernable land of about 360 ______________ political entities.

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What sparked the first wave of Protestant persecution in France?


A) Protestants plastering Paris and other cities with anti-Catholic placards
B) the capture of the French king Francis I at the Battle of Pavia
C) the passing of the Edict of Fontainebleau
D) the passing of the Edict of Chateaubriand under Henry II

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At the end of the third phase of the Thirty Years' War, Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution and struck panic in the hearts of Protestants ________.


A) in Bohemia
B) everywhere
C) in Sweden
D) in France

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Which writer advised people to look within themselves for religious truth and no longer to churches and creeds?


A) William Shakespeare
B) John Calvin
C) Valentin Weigel
D) Martin Luther

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Which of the following statements most accurately explains the impact that the fourth period of the Thirty Years' War-the Swedish-French period-had on Germany?


A) During the Swedish-French period of the war, Germans gained great wealth from looting the nations of France, Sweden, and Spain.
B) During the fourth period of the war, French, Swedish, and Spanish soldiers looted all of Germany, killing an estimated one-third of its population.
C) During the Swedish-French period of the war, the Germans were largely left alone while the battles waged in France and the Netherlands.
D) During the fourth period of the war, the Germans lost mostly material wealth from looters, but few people were killed.

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Catherine de Médicis aligned herself with the ________ family for political advantage.

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Passed by Queen Elizabeth I, which of the following was a revision of Thomas Cranmer's works that made moderate Protestantism the official religion within the Church of England?


A) Act of Uniformity
B) Thirty-Nine Articles
C) Treaty of Joinville
D) Union of Utrecht

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Who were the three powerful families that sought the French monarchy after the death of king Henry II?


A) the Bourbons, Racheals, and Orleans
B) the Bourbons, Montmorency-Chatillons, and Guises
C) the Burgundians, Ostrogoths, and Guises
D) the Bourbons, Lombards, and Franks

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The Thirty Years' War killed an estimated _________ of the German population and has been called the worst European catastrophe since the Black Death.

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What were Elizabeth I's reasons for ordering the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots? Do you think Elizabeth I had any other options in the matter? Why or why not?

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Elizabeth I had several reasons for orde...

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Hostilities between Spain and England reached a climax in 1588 when ________.


A) Henry III was assassinated
B) Henry IV was assassinated
C) the Edict of Nantes was signed
D) the Spanish Armada was sent to invade England

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What substantial changes occurred when Elizabeth I took the throne following Mary I of England?


A) Elizabeth eliminated the tolerance for theater and dramatic creativity supported by Mary I.
B) Elizabeth changed the irresponsible financial policies promoted by Mary I.
C) Elizabeth reversed Mary's harsh restrictions against Protestants in favor of religious tolerance.
D) Elizabeth more fully enforced strict policies against religious disunity and dealt harshly with heretics.

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Henry IV converted to Catholicism, motivated by ________.


A) faith
B) expediency
C) fear of Catholic power
D) a guarantee he had made to the pope

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What event starkly marked the beginning of the French wars of religion?


A) the death of Francis II
B) the issuing of the January Edict
C) the leak, to the Catholics, of a kidnapping plot to take Francis II from his Guise advisors
D) the duke of Guise surprising a Protestant congregation in Champagne and massacring many worshipers

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Catherine de Médicis convinced the king to execute the Protestant leaders in the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre because she claimed that _______.


A) the Guise family had plotted to kill him and take the throne for themselves
B) a Protestant coup was afoot, and that he must save the crown from an attack on Paris
C) she had been plotting an assassination of Coligny
D) the Huguenots had already massacred thousands of peasants

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What did the Perpetual Edict of 1577 do?


A) ended hostilities between France and Spain
B) joined the northern provinces of the Netherlands against Spain
C) provided for the removal of all Spanish troops from the Netherlands within twenty days
D) secretively allied Philip II with the Guises to send armies under Alexander Farnese into France in 1590

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How did religious conflict in Europe evolve over the course of the second half of the sixteenth century?

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The religious conflict in Europe evolved...

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How was the Peace of Augsburg like the Treaty of Westphalia?


A) Both agreements restricted the rights of Protestants throughout Europe.
B) Both agreements denied the authority of the Holy Roman Emperor.
C) Both agreements established the right of Protestants to fortify their own towns.
D) Both agreements established that the ruler of a land may determine the official religion of that land.

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Which treaty brought the Swedish period of the war to an end?


A) Treaty of Loges
B) Treaty of Geneva
C) Peace of Prague
D) Union of Cologne

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