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Exam 6: Ethnicity and Nationalism

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Question 31

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What country only exists during the ninety minutes its team plays a soccer match?

A) United Kingdom
B) England
C) France
D) South Africa

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Question 32

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According to the text, what ended 500 years of peace between Bosnian Muslims, Catholic Croats, and Orthodox Christian Serbs in the former Yugoslavia?

A) ethnic and cultural policies imposed by state leaders
B) differences in religious beliefs
C) growing ethnic rivalries as a result of economic inequality
D) interference from the United States

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Question 33

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Often times, leaders in positions of military, political, or religious power use ethnicity as a lens through which to promote their worldview and propagandize in order to mobilize people against a group or groups they are told to believe are dangerous. What would an anthropologist call this process?

Despite their often obvious ethnic, socioeconomic, occupational, and religious differences, and the fact that most will never meet each other, the majority of people in the United States see themselves as members of a large community called "America." What concept does this demonstrate?

Every year, Americans gather on July 4th to celebrate Independence Day. Parades, fireworks, and hot dogs are all part of this annual ritual. What particular component of ethnicity is embodied in this celebration?

Adolf Hitler rose to power on the basis of a claim to "Aryan supremacy." The Nazi rise to dominance, however, happened largely because the Nazis leveraged and made full use of ________.

As immigrant arrivals to the United States peaked in the mid-1900s, newcomers dispersed into cities and towns, often attempting to "blend in." This was in order to embrace their new lives, but it was also a way of trying to stay safe from prejudice and hatred. What term describes this process of "blending in"?

What do we call the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic or religious group?

What metaphor has been used to describe the process of immigrant assimilation into U.S. dominant culture?

Chinese immigrants in the United States have a long history, but many Chinese American communities still have a distinct Chinese character where they retain many aspects of their traditional Chinese culture. What concept does this illustrate?

Compare how and why ethnic-making projects in Rwanda and Bosnia have given rise to conflict.

A group of people who share an idea of cultural and ancestral connection and who see themselves as distinct from people in other groups are described as a(n) ________.

The text notes that for most of the world's people, ethnicity is not a pressing matter in daily life; instead, it becomes active when power relationships undergo negotiation in a community or nation. In a brief essay, give an example and explain how ethnicity has been activated to accomplish some end. Explain the power relationship under negotiation, who was involved, and how ethnicity was activated to accomplish the goal. Describe the outcome of these efforts.

The place where a person is born determines his or her affiliation with which entity?

Globalization, political instability, and economic changes have lead Eritreans to leave Eritrea. Many of them are now spread among many countries (and even continents) , but maintain emotional and material ties to their ancestral homeland. What is this an example of?

Sometimes the legal language about immigration is written in a manner that signifies "American-ness," using veiled racial markers to clearly identify those who are "in" and those who are "out." What do anthropologists call this kind of demarcation?

The text describes the way that immigrants from India have established their own cultural norms within New York City. The way the Indian community has chosen to celebrate its ethnicity by holding a large India Day festival is an example of what aspect of ethnicity?

What do anthropologists call a story that is told about the founding and history of a particular group to reinforce a common sense of identity?

The text recounts the problems experienced by the French soccer team in the World Cup including tempers and refusals to practice. The tensions on the French soccer team reflect a deeply held perspective on what being "French" really means and is a window into the problems that surround what concept?

Since ethnicity is not biologically fixed, self-identification with a particular ethnic group can shift. What is this process called?