Question 1

In a Skinner box, a rat escapes painful electric shock by pressing a lever. The rat's bar-pressing behavior is maintained by:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative punishment.
B)  negative reinforcement.
C)  positive punishment.
D)  positive reinforcement.

Question 2

Reinforcement is more effective than punishment at changing behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In a fixed-interval schedule, reinforcement is delivered after a set time period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following reinforcers is NOT correctly categorized?

Accepted Answer

A)  food - primary reinforcer
B)  money - primary reinforcer
C)  praise - secondary reinforcer
D)  smile - secondary reinforcer

Question 5

About 65% of American parents use corporal punishment to modify the behavior of young children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which learning theorist is correctly matched with his concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thorndike - classical conditioning
B)  Kohler - operant conditioning
C)  Pavlov - insight
D)  Tolman - latent learning

Question 7

In classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus during the _____ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)  recovery
B)  acquisition
C)  generalization
D)  extinction

Question 8

Behavior is increased by:

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement and negative punishment.
B)  positive reinforcement only.
C)  positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.
D)  negative reinforcement only.

Question 9

Classical conditioning involves the conditioning of the involuntary responses of the autonomic nervous system. Classical conditioning therefore targets:

Accepted Answer

A)  the sympathetic nervous system.
B)  the parasympathetic nervous system.
C)  the somatic nervous system.
D)  either the sympathetic or the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 10

Although I won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for my research in physiology, I am BEST known for my pioneering work in the psychology of learning. I am:

Accepted Answer

A)  William James.
B)  
B)  F. Skinner.
C)  Ivan Pavlov.
D)  Edward Thorndike.

Question 11

Reinforcers that satisfy a biological need are called _____ reinforcers.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary
B)  positive
C)  unconditioned
D)  reflexive

Question 12

A rat in a Skinner box is trained to press a bar for food pellets. The rat is then placed on a partial reinforcement schedule, receiving pellets every 5 minutes. This is a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-interval
B)  fixed-ratio
C)  variable-interval
D)  variable-ratio

Question 13

Cognitive learning applies to:

Accepted Answer

A)  humans only.
B)  non-human animals only.
C)  humans and higher primates, but not other animals.
D)  humans, higher primates, and other animals.

Question 14

Watson and Raynor (1925)  found that Little Albert's conditioned fear was elicited not only by a rat but also by a number of similar objects. Little Albert's behavior illustrates stimulus:

Accepted Answer

A)  generalization.
B)  discrimination.
C)  adaptation.
D)  extinction.

Question 15

Social learning is a synonym for:

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning.
B)  operant conditioning.
C)  observational learning.
D)  adaptation.

Question 16

Paychecks and course grades are delivered on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-ratio
B)  fixed-interval
C)  variable-ratio
D)  variable-interval

Question 17

Learning results in permanent changes to behavior or thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Perhaps the MOST influential early research on operant conditioning was conducted by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner.
B)  Watson.
C)  Pavlov.
D)  Bandura.

Question 19

Vending machine is to ____ reinforcement as slot machine is to _____ reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous; partial
B)  partial; continuous
C)  partial; intermittent
D)  intermittent; partial

Question 20

In _____ reinforcement, every instance of a behavior is reinforced.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary
B)  continuous
C)  positive
D)  constant

Exam 5: Consciousness

Reinforcement is more effective than punishment at changing behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perhaps the MOST influential early research on operant conditioning was conducted by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following reinforcers is NOT correctly categorized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavior is increased by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although I won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for my research in physiology, I am BEST known for my pioneering work in the psychology of learning. I am:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learning results in permanent changes to behavior or thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus during the _____ phase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a fixed-interval schedule, reinforcement is delivered after a set time period.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reinforcers that satisfy a biological need are called _____ reinforcers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A rat in a Skinner box is trained to press a bar for food pellets. The rat is then placed on a partial reinforcement schedule, receiving pellets every 5 minutes. This is a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paychecks and course grades are delivered on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watson and Raynor (1925) found that Little Albert's conditioned fear was elicited not only by a rat but also by a number of similar objects. Little Albert's behavior illustrates stimulus:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vending machine is to ____ reinforcement as slot machine is to _____ reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which learning theorist is correctly matched with his concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive learning applies to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a Skinner box, a rat escapes painful electric shock by pressing a lever. The rat's bar-pressing behavior is maintained by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About 65% of American parents use corporal punishment to modify the behavior of young children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Classical conditioning involves the conditioning of the involuntary responses of the autonomic nervous system. Classical conditioning therefore targets:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social learning is a synonym for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _____ reinforcement, every instance of a behavior is reinforced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Vending machine is to reinforcement as slot machine is to _ reinforcement.

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