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Exam 15: The Urinary System

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Question 61

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What is the most common route for water loss?

A) insensible water loss through the skin
B) insensible water loss through the lungs
C) feces
D) urine
E) sweat

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Question 62

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What is the name of the involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being passed?

A) external urethral sphincter
B) internal anal sphincter
C) internal urethral sphincter
D) ileocecal sphincter

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Question 63

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How does the urinary system respond to blood that has become acidic?

Describe the normal characteristics of freshly-voided urine in a healthy adult.

Identify the urinary structure with its associated description: A) adrenal gland B) renal cortex C) renal pyramids or medullary pyramids D) renal columns E) calyces F) renal pelvis G) renal medulla -Endocrine gland that sits atop each kidney

Identify these organs of the urinary system with their associated descriptions: A) ureter B) urinary bladder C) urethra -Contains three layers of smooth muscle known as the detrusor muscle

Figure 15.2 Using Figure 15.2, identify the following: -The peritubular capillaries are indicated by ________.

Which organ filters blood, regulates blood volume and chemical makeup?

Figure 15.2 Using Figure 15.2, identify the following: -The efferent arteriole is indicated by ________.

Urine moves down the ureters into the urinary bladder due to gravitational pull alone.

Urine may routinely contain sodium, potassium, proteins, and red blood cells.

What is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine?

The process that removes ions such as potassium and hydrogen from the blood and places them into the nephron for removal from the body as urine is known as ________.

From outermost to innermost, what are the three regions of the kidney?

Which chemical buffer system includes carbonic acid and its salt and ties up hydrogen ions (H⁺) released by strong acids?

What are the highly sensitive cells within the hypothalamus that react to changes in blood composition and cause the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) when appropriate?

The percentage of filtrate eventually reabsorbed into the bloodstream is closest to ________.

Identify the urinary structure with its associated description: A) adrenal gland B) renal cortex C) renal pyramids or medullary pyramids D) renal columns E) calyces F) renal pelvis G) renal medulla -Cortex-like extensions that separate the renal (medullary) pyramids

What tube connects each kidney to the urinary bladder?

Incontinence is often the final outcome of the urinary system during the aging process.