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Greenstones are metamorphosed sedimentary rocks;as sediments,they were deposited in the oceans during the ____________.


A) Hadean
B) Paleozoic
C) Proterozoic
D) Archean

Correct Answer

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The Cambrian explosion not only produced an abundance of new animal species but also gave rise to the first shells,spines,and active swimmers.This suggests the important influence of ____________ in driving animal evolution.


A) photosynthetic organisms
B) atmospheric oxygen
C) carnivorous predators
D) filter-feeding organisms

Correct Answer

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The eon represented by abundant deposits of strata with shelly fossils is the ____________.


A) Archean
B) Hadean
C) Proterozoic
D) Phanerozoic

Correct Answer

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A crustal rock dated to 1.9 Ga is how old?


A) 1,900 years
B) 1,900,000 years
C) 1,900,000,000 years
D) None of the above are correct.

Correct Answer

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The Taconic,Acadian,and Alleghenian orogenic events all led to uplift in the region of the modern ____________.


A) Rockies
B) Appalachians
C) Alps
D) Himalayas

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The most recent interval of Quaternary glaciation gave way to warmer,interglacial conditions ____________ ago.


A) 1 million years
B) 200,000 years
C) 75,000 years
D) 11,000 years

Correct Answer

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Most DNA in the cells of animals and plants is housed within a nucleus;their cells are termed ____________.


A) prokinetic
B) prokaryotic
C) eukaryotic
D) analgesic

Correct Answer

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A shield is ____________.


A) a low-lying region where Precambrian rocks crop out
B) a low-lying region where Precambrian rocks are covered by Phanerozoic sedimentary strata
C) a region of compressed rock located behind a volcanic arc at a convergent continental margin
D) synonymous with "craton"

Correct Answer

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The earliest forests containing woody trees appeared during the ____________.


A) Late Proterozoic
B) Early Paleozoic (Ordovician)
C) Middle Paleozoic (Devonian)
D) Late Paleozoic (Permian)

Correct Answer

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The Hadean is a time in Earth history when ____________. The Hadean is a time in Earth history when ____________. A) the first abundant shelly organisms appear in the fossil record B) Earth's interior was so hot that a solid outer crust,if present,was likely being extensively remelted C) stable continental interiors,termed cratons,first formed D) the dinosaurs appeared and came to dominate large-scale terrestrial life


A) the first abundant shelly organisms appear in the fossil record
B) Earth's interior was so hot that a solid outer crust,if present,was likely being extensively remelted
C) stable continental interiors,termed cratons,first formed
D) the dinosaurs appeared and came to dominate large-scale terrestrial life

Correct Answer

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The Cambrian Period is a time in Earth history when ____________.


A) the first abundant shelly organisms appear in the fossil record
B) Earth's interior was so hot that a solid outer crust,if present,was likely being extensively remelted
C) stable continental interiors,termed cratons,first formed
D) the dinosaurs appeared and came to dominate large-scale terrestrial life

Correct Answer

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Oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is derived from ____________.


A) volcanic outgassing
B) photosynthesis
C) animal respiration
D) water from the oceans breaking down into hydrogen and oxygen during evaporation

Correct Answer

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The small cells of bacteria lack nuclei and are termed ____________.


A) prokinetic
B) prokaryotic
C) eukaryotic
D) analgesic

Correct Answer

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The first terrestrial vertebrates (with an amphibian life cycle) are represented by fossils that are Late ____________ in age.


A) Cambrian
B) Devonian
C) Permian
D) Triassic

Correct Answer

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The late Paleozoic Hercynian orogen is an event related to ____________.


A) uplift of the modern Rocky Mountains
B) uplift of the ancestral Rocky Mountains
C) assembly of the supercontinent Pangaea
D) assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia

Correct Answer

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The fossil fish Tiktaalik made headlines in 2005 because it ____________. The fossil fish Tiktaalik made headlines in 2005 because it ____________. A) was preserved with a hook in its mouth and represents the oldest evidence of human fishing B) was the largest shark ever recovered from the fossil record C) represents a transitional form between more typical bony fish and terrestrial vertebrates D) was found alive in the modern deep ocean;previously,the fish was thought to be extinct


A) was preserved with a hook in its mouth and represents the oldest evidence of human fishing
B) was the largest shark ever recovered from the fossil record
C) represents a transitional form between more typical bony fish and terrestrial vertebrates
D) was found alive in the modern deep ocean;previously,the fish was thought to be extinct

Correct Answer

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During the Cenozoic Era,most large-bodied terrestrial animals inhabiting regions of temperate climate have been ____________.


A) birds
B) dinosaurs
C) mammals
D) crocodiles

Correct Answer

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North and South America have been physically connected for the last ____________.


A) 65 million years
B) 5 million years
C) 2.5 million years
D) 75,000 years

Correct Answer

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An iridium-rich layer of clay,glass spherules,and shocked quartz grains strongly suggest that the K-T boundary extinctions were at least in part caused by ____________.


A) a long trend of global warming
B) a long trend of global cooling
C) worldwide explosive volcanism
D) the impact of a bolide (meteoroid or comet)

Correct Answer

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Humans belong to a lineage of mammals called the ____________.


A) carnivores
B) primates
C) odd-toed ungulates
D) edentates

Correct Answer

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