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Polychromatophilic red blood cells are commonly called what cell type?


A) Normoblast
B) Prorubricyte
C) Reticulocyte
D) Metarubricyte

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What is the primary mechanism by which erythropoietin affects RBC production?


A) It expedites the maturation time of RBCs.
B) It prevents premature apoptosis of RBCs.
C) It stimulates facilitated incorporation of hemoglobin into RBCs.
D) It stimulates expulsion of nuclei from nucleated erythrocyte precursors at a quicker rate.

Correct Answer

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Which pathway produces the energy required for proper RBC function from ~90% of the consumed glucose:


A) Methemoglobin reductase
B) Hexose monophosphate shunt
C) Glycolytic
D) Rapoport-Leubering shunt

Correct Answer

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Increased hemoglobin affinity for oxygen correlates to which of the following?


A) An elevated 2,3-BPG
B) A normal 2,3-BPG
C) A decreased 2,3-BPG
D) This cannot be determined.

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C

What growth factor influences the production of the erythrocyte?


A) Transforming growth factor-β
B) Interferon-γ
C) Erythropoietin
D) CFU-E

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The heme moiety produced during intravascular hemolysis is excreted by the body as:


A) Biliverdin
B) Urobilinogen
C) Ferrochelatase
D) Iron

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Of the following,who would have the highest concentration of erythropoietin?


A) A child
B) A patient who has just donated a kidney
C) An anemic patient
D) A pregnant mother

Correct Answer

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In a nonanemic adult,what is the normal range for peripheral blood reticulocytes?


A) 0.5-1.0%
B) 0.1-1.0%
C) 2.0-4.0%
D) 0.5-2.0%

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D

Explain how the body catabolizes hemoglobin in both extravascular and intravascular hemolysis.

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Extravascular: Hemoglobin dissociates in...

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What analyte can help to differentiate between intravascular and extravascular hemolysis?


A) Hemoglobin
B) Bilirubin
C) Haptoglobin
D) Reticulocytes

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The life span of a normal erythrocyte is about:


A) 9-11 days
B) 5-7 days
C) 120 days
D) 6 hours

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Where does normal extravascular hemolysis take place?


A) Blood vessels and bone marrow
B) Lymph nodes and spleen
C) Spleen and liver
D) Bone marrow and liver

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The average RBC is what size?


A) 20-25 mcM
B) 2-3 ,mcM
C) 12-15 mcM
D) 7-8 mcM

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A reticulocyte count is 6%.This result is:


A) Normal.
B) Increased.
C) Decreased.
D) Erroneous.

Correct Answer

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Which metabolic pathway protects hemoglobin from oxidation via NADH?


A) Rapoport-Luebering shunt
B) Embden Meyerhof pathway
C) Hexose monophosphate shunt
D) Methemoglobin reductase pathway

Correct Answer

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The production of 2,3-BPG occurs in which erythrocytic metabolic pathway?


A) Embden-Meyerhof pathway
B) Hexose monophosphate shunt
C) Rapoport-Luebering shunt
D) All of the above Correct

Correct Answer

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Match the following characteristics with the appropriate stage of maturing erythrocytes:

Premises
Stage when the nucleus becomes pyknotic and is extruded
First stage without ribosomes
First visible appearance of hemoglobin
Last stage capable of mitosis
Earliest morphologically recognizable erythrocytic cell
First stage without a nucleus
Responses
Polychromatophilic normoblast
Basophilic normoblast
Reticulocyte
Pronormoblast
Erythrocyte
Orthochromic normoblast

Correct Answer

Stage when the nucleus becomes pyknotic and is extruded
Orthochromic normoblast
First stage without ribosomes
Erythrocyte
First visible appearance of hemoglobin
Basophilic normoblast
Last stage capable of mitosis
Polychromatophilic normoblast
Earliest morphologically recognizable erythrocytic cell
Pronormoblast
First stage without a nucleus
Reticulocyte

The deformability of the RBC membrane is attributed to which of the following?


A) Peripheral proteins
B) Integral proteins
C) Sodium potassium pump
D) Glycophorins

Correct Answer

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Red blood cell production begins with what cell?


A) Progenitor
B) Hematopoietic stem cell
C) CFU
D) BFU

Correct Answer

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The abnormal increased influx of sodium and water in stomatocytes results from a defect in:


A) Peripheral proteins
B) Integral proteins
C) Actin
D) Spectrin

Correct Answer

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