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Exam 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

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Question 61

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In the Strange Situation,infants with insecure-avoidant attachment __________.

A) prefer the parent to the stranger
B) convey clear pleasure when the parent returns
C) seem unresponsive to the parent when the parent is present
D) combine clinginess with angry, resistive behavior when the parent returns

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Question 62

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Observation of which child would be most likely to provide a researcher with an accurate long-term prediction of temperament?

A) Quinn, a newborn
B) Ava, age 1 year
C) Samantha, age 2 years
D) Tyson, age 4 years

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Question 63

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Girls tend to be __________ than boys.

According to Erikson,a healthy outcome during infancy depends on the __________.

Two-year-old Eva's parents meet her assertions of independence with tolerance and understanding.They provide suitable guidance and reassurance.According to Erikson's theory,Eva will develop __________ as a result.

In the Strange Situation,Philip seeks closeness to his mother and often fails to explore.When his mother leaves,Philip is distressed,and on her return he alternately clings to her and hits her.Philip is displaying characteristics of __________ attachment.

In all societies studied,the most common attachment quality is the __________ pattern.

Liam can focus and shift attention,inhibit impulses,and manage negative emotion.Liam is high in __________.

Joan,who does not like being scared,decides not to see a horror film with her friends.Joan is using __________.

Which theory of attachment is the most widely accepted view?

Quality of attachment is usually secure and stable for __________.

About half of individual differences in temperament have been attributed to __________.

Research on maternal depression shows that __________.

In a social referencing experiment,18-month-old Joey is asked to share spinach or graham crackers with his mother.Even though Joey prefers graham crackers,he might offer the spinach to his mother if she __________.

According to Erikson,when parents are over- or undercontrolling,the outcome is a child who __________.

Beckham is 18 months old.His parents want to encourage him to eat fruit.Which approach would be most effective in accomplishing this task using social referencing?

In the Strange Situation,Bernadette uses her mother as a secure base.When separated,Bernadette does not cry,but when her mother returns,Bernadette smiles and quickly crawls to her.Bernadette is demonstrating __________ attachment.

__________ refers to quickness and intensity of emotional arousal,attention,and motor activity.

A(n) __________ is more effective than a(n) __________ alone in providing emotional information to a 10-month-old.

Biyu,who lives in a collectivist culture,wins a game.Her parents will probably encourage Biyu to feel __________.