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Exam 8: Pathophysiology

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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A patient with severe iron deficiency anemia is hypoxic. What is definitive care for this patient?

A) IV fluids by paramedics
B) Supplemental oxygen
C) Positive pressure ventilation
D) Blood transfusion

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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A patient's brain cells are undergoing anaerobic metabolism. As a result, those cells:

A) are becoming dysfunctional in a highly acidic environment.
B) have too much adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to function properly.
C) are producing elevated quantities of carbon dioxide (CO₂) .
D) cannot make any energy in the form of ATP.

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following correctly identifies the primary way in which oxygen is transported to the cells?

A patient is hemorrhaging internally within his colon, therein impairing perfusion to the cells of his body. Aside from the bleeding, the patient has no other problems. In this scenario, the problem impairing adequate perfusion would be:

Which one of the following conditions is most likely to cause acidosis?

A patient with a low blood sugar is unresponsive with snoring respirations. His breathing is labored and his pulse is rapid and weak. Examination of the skin reveals it to be cool and diaphoretic. Your partner informs you of the following vital signs: pulse 120, respirations 18, blood pressure 132/60, and SpO₂ at 84% on room air. Which one of the following actions would you perform first?

Baroreceptors function in the body by:

If a patient's blood pressure cannot be increased by adding volume, then which of the following actions would most likely be successful in increasing it?

A drop in blood pressure below a critical threshold is a threat to the body because it directly impairs:

A patient has a blood pressure of 140/98 mmHg. Which one of the following can the EMT ascertain from this reading?

Failure of the sodium potassium pump can result in:

A patient with cancer is receiving chemotherapy. As a side effect of the treatment, her white blood cell count is critically low. Given this situation, which sign or symptom should the EMT find particularly concerning?

A 35-year-old male is lethargic and dehydrated after working at a construction site for 12 hours on a very hot day. You obtain the following vital signs: pulse 136, respirations 22, blood pressure 102/88, and SpO₂ 100% with supplemental oxygen. As a knowledgeable EMT, you would recognize:

Paramedics have administered a medication to a patient in heart failure. The medication specifically causes the veins to enlarge, thus decreasing the amount of blood coming back to the heart for pumping. The EMT would recognize this action as:

A patient who is weak informs you that she has a history of her "iron being too low." This should concern the EMT because iron is needed to:

A confused and lethargic 24-year-old male has intentionally overdosed on a narcotic medication. His vitals signs are: pulse 36, respirations 8, blood pressure 50/20, and SpO₂ 88% with 15 liters per minute of oxygen. The greatest danger to this patient's well-being is:

A patient who is hypoxic has a pulmonary disease that involves low lung compliance. As such, you realize:

For the patient with a narrowed pulse pressure, which one of the following is occurring?

A patient with a severe infection is very sick. Circulating toxins from bacteria in his blood have decreased his systemic vascular resistance (SVR) . Which of the following would the EMT correlate to this condition?

Which one of the following is the primary stimulus to breathe in normal human beings?