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Exam 5: Learning

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Question 1

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A key principle learned in the Little Albert experiment was that _____

A) fear can be conditioned.
B) rats are an unconditioned fear stimulus.
C) conditioned fear can't generalize.
D) conditioned fear cannot be removed.

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Question 2

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Rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior is part of which process?

A) reinforcement
B) shaping
C) extinction
D) generalization

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Question 3

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Rescorla provided evidence that supported his theory by _____

Billy taught two rats how to play basketball for his experimental psychology class. What process did he likely use?

After a conditioned response has been extinguished and a period of time has passed, _____ may occur in response to the original conditioned stimulus; however, it will be in _____ form.

Derek's father told him he would have to scrub the bathrooms twice a week and wash the dishes every night for three weeks because Derek brought home a poor report card. In terms of operant conditioning, the specific technique Derek's father is employing is _____ punishment.

The _____ is a response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus without prior learning.

_____ is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.

Professor Rochelle told her students that if her door was closed, it meant that she was unavailable to them and would be angry if they knocked on her door. But if her door was open, it meant that she was in a rare good mood and would answer questions at that time. Professor Rochelle's door being open was a _____ for _____

Voluntary behavior that accidentally brings about a consequence is called _____

A congressional hearing is taking place in Washington, D.C. The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today. What psychological process are the representatives probably considering as the reason that TV influences school violence?

A _____ reinforcer is any reward that satisfies a basic, biological need, such a hunger, thirst, or touch.

Another aspect of time out that relates to its effectiveness is that it prevents the _____ from being _____

Shay is a nursery school teacher who works with 2- and 3-year-old children. Because she knows this is the time when most children become potty trained, she uses a technique in her classroom that encourages this behavior. Shay tells the children that they will get a sticker on their chart each time they successfully use the bathroom. Whenever a child gets 10 stickers, the child receives a small prize. What technique is Shay using?

In terms of classical conditioning, which element of the process did Robert Rescorla argue was the most important?

Benny is throwing rocks at a neighbor's house. Just as Trisha picks up a rock and is about to throw it, the neighbor comes out and yells at Benny. Trisha quickly decides not to throw the rock. What has she just demonstrated?

A famous experiment conducted by _____ showed that children are more likely to be _____ if this behavior is modeled for them.

In B. F. Skinner's theory, a(n)_____ is a voluntary behavior that causes or brings on a consequence.

What is likely to happen to rats who drink a flavored water solution and are then shocked?

For his graduate project, Seth wanted to demonstrate that he could condition a monkey to be afraid of a flower. Seth might have to come up with a different plan because _____