Question 1

David Biello, curator of science for TED Talks, recently told the New York Times that humans' impact on the earth is "deep and pervasive, and probably permanent." Based on what you read in the textbook, which concept does Biello's statement best exemplify?

Accepted Answer

A)   conurbation
B)   anthropocene
C)   mortality
D)   fecundity

Question 2

Demographers study population patterns. If a demographer were going to study the population changes in a country such as China, which of the following would he or she examine?

Accepted Answer

A)   political party affiliation
B)   deaths
C)   job growth
D)   pollution

Question 3

The increase in life expectancy has been most significantly influenced by:

Accepted Answer

A)   crude longevity.
B)   declining fertility rates.
C)   increased fecundity.
D)   declining infant death rates.

Question 4

Places such as New York and Tokyo are called ________ because they are the organizing centers of the new global economy.

Accepted Answer

A)   conurbations
B)   global cities
C)   megalomania
D)   urban ghettos

Question 5

In 2014, Afghanistan had thirty-four live births per one thousand people. This number is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   crude death rate.
B)   fertility.
C)   fecundity.
D)   crude birth rate.

Question 6

In your opinion, which strand of urban studies developed by the Chicago School-urban ecology or urbanism-is more convincing to you, and why? Explain your answer in three to five sentences.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary and may focus on either...

Question 7

Population growth rates are:

Accepted Answer

A)   usually negative.
B)   exponential.
C)   linear.
D)   rational.

Question 8

Britain was the first country to undergo industrialization, which generated ________, the movement of population from the countryside into towns and cities.

Accepted Answer

A)   urbanization
B)   metropolization
C)   megalomania
D)   conurbation

Question 9

Both urban and suburban neighborhoods are highly:

Accepted Answer

A)   populated by whites and blacks, whereas Latinos live in rural areas.
B)   racially integrated.
C)   segregated by race.
D)   populated by nonwhites, whereas rural areas are mostly white.

Question 10

Jonah grew up in a neighborhood with poor schools, few businesses, and many run-down and abandoned buildings. However, in the past few years, the city has renovated many buildings, and tax breaks are encouraging new businesses to move into the city. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   conurbation.
B)   urban renewal or gentrification.
C)   suburbanization.
D)   urbanization.

Question 11

In Mexico City, nearly 95 percent of the land has buildings on it. Based on what you read about urbanism, this is likely one of the characteristics that makes Mexico City:

Accepted Answer

A)   one of the most polluted cities in the world.
B)   one of the strongest economic centers.
C)   one of the most sustainable cities in the world.
D)   one of the cheapest places to live in the world.

Question 12

Malthusianism is the belief that population growth tends to outstrip expansion of food production and that population growth can only be controlled by:

Accepted Answer

A)   natural curbs on population, such as famine and war.
B)   birth control methods, such as contraceptive pills.
C)   advances in medical technology.
D)   government policies that limit how many children women can have.

Question 13

In 2016, scientists warned that the world's giraffe population dropped 40 percent over the past thirty years and is threatened with extinction. Based on what you read in the textbook, how would contemporary sociologists most likely understand this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   They would take the human domination of nature for granted.
B)   They would attempt to understand how humans are not exempt from the "web of nature."
C)   They would ignore the problem since it concerns animals, not humans.
D)   They would use the "human exceptionalism paradigm" to find a solution.

Question 14

Reducing population growth around the world faces which of the following challenges?

Accepted Answer

A)   Few people still see a large family as desirable.
B)   Some religions still forbid the use of contraception.
C)   Contraception is widely available around the world.
D)   Some populations are genetically predisposed to higher birth rates.

Question 15

Which of the following jobs most closely illustrates the informal economy?

Accepted Answer

A)   a used-book vendor on the streets of New York City
B)   a secretary at a multinational paper manufacturer based in Los Angeles
C)   a sociology professor in Detroit
D)   unionized garbage workers in the northeastern United States

Question 16

Urban growth in less-developed countries is high because of higher birth rates as well as:

Accepted Answer

A)   high crime in rural areas.
B)   high rates of internal migration.
C)   high rates of migration from other countries.
D)   idealization of American life.

Question 17

Why is rural America on the decline? In a short paragraph, explain at least one problem facing rural America today.

Accepted Answer

To answer this question, students should...

Question 18

Although more racial and ethnic minorities are moving to the suburbs, the suburbs remain largely white. Only ________ of the suburban population was nonwhite in 2010.

Accepted Answer

A)   35 percent
B)   50 percent
C)   10 percent
D)   5 percent

Question 19

Demographic transition and Malthusianism are two theories of population change. In a short paragraph, describe which you think best explains the issues of population growth today and why.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary, but students should c...

Question 20

The Chicago School focused on cities as ________; however, most contemporary theory and research in urban sociology focus on cities as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   natural formations; created environments
B)   places of conflict; places of cooperation
C)   social constructions; created environments
D)   dangerous; safe

Exam 15: Urbanization, Population, and the Environment

The increase in life expectancy has been most significantly influenced by:

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Demographic transition and Malthusianism are two theories of population change. In a short paragraph, describe which you think best explains the issues of population growth today and why.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary, but students should c...View AnswerShow Answer

In 2014, Afghanistan had thirty-four live births per one thousand people. This number is known as:

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Both urban and suburban neighborhoods are highly:

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Population growth rates are:

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Why is rural America on the decline? In a short paragraph, explain at least one problem facing rural America today.

Correct AnswerverifiedTo answer this question, students should...View AnswerShow Answer

In Mexico City, nearly 95 percent of the land has buildings on it. Based on what you read about urbanism, this is likely one of the characteristics that makes Mexico City:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2016, scientists warned that the world's giraffe population dropped 40 percent over the past thirty years and is threatened with extinction. Based on what you read in the textbook, how would contemporary sociologists most likely understand this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although more racial and ethnic minorities are moving to the suburbs, the suburbs remain largely white. Only ________ of the suburban population was nonwhite in 2010.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Demographers study population patterns. If a demographer were going to study the population changes in a country such as China, which of the following would he or she examine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

David Biello, curator of science for TED Talks, recently told the New York Times that humans' impact on the earth is "deep and pervasive, and probably permanent." Based on what you read in the textbook, which concept does Biello's statement best exemplify?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urban growth in less-developed countries is high because of higher birth rates as well as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In your opinion, which strand of urban studies developed by the Chicago School-urban ecology or urbanism-is more convincing to you, and why? Explain your answer in three to five sentences.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers may vary and may focus on either...View AnswerShow Answer

The Chicago School focused on cities as ________; however, most contemporary theory and research in urban sociology focus on cities as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Places such as New York and Tokyo are called ________ because they are the organizing centers of the new global economy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jonah grew up in a neighborhood with poor schools, few businesses, and many run-down and abandoned buildings. However, in the past few years, the city has renovated many buildings, and tax breaks are encouraging new businesses to move into the city. This process is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Britain was the first country to undergo industrialization, which generated ________, the movement of population from the countryside into towns and cities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reducing population growth around the world faces which of the following challenges?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following jobs most closely illustrates the informal economy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Malthusianism is the belief that population growth tends to outstrip expansion of food production and that population growth can only be controlled by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Answers will vary, but students should c...
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To answer this question, students should...
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Answers may vary and may focus on either...
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The Chicago School focused on cities as ; however, most contemporary theory and research in urban sociology focus on cities as .

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