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How can international companies reduce their economic exposure in a world of constantly fluctuating exchange rates?

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For companies operating in a world of vo...

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Exchange rates are _____ under a pure "free float" system.


A) completely balanced
B) determined by market forces
C) wildly variable and unpredictable
D) determined by the government

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Advocates of a _____ argue that removal of the obligation to maintain exchange rate parity would restore monetary control to a government.


A) fixed exchange rate regime
B) dirty-float system
C) floating exchange rate regime
D) pegged exchange rate regime

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Market forces have produced a stable dollar exchange rate under a floating exchange rate regime.

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Which of the following is a function of World Bank?


A) Implementing a rigid fixed exchange rate regime
B) Promoting the gold standard across the world
C) Lending money to governments for development
D) Implementing a flexible fixed exchange rate regime

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Government projects were a factor behind the investment boom in most Southeast Asian economies.

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Which of the following statements is true of pegged exchange rates?


A) A pegged exchange rate allows a country's currency to be determined by market forces.
B) A pegged exchange rate weakens the monetary discipline of a country.
C) Pegged exchange rates are popular among many of the world's smaller nations.
D) Adopting a pegged exchange rate regime increases inflationary pressures in a country.

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The monetary autonomy argument holds that:


A) each country should be allowed to choose its own inflation rate.
B) inflation is beneficial to a country's economy and growth.
C) inflation is detrimental to a country's economy and growth.
D) countries should restrict inflation based on the global standards.

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Which of the following is an exchange rate policy where the exchange rate is determined completely by market forces?


A) Managed float
B) Fixed peg
C) Free float
D) Currency board

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The quality of investments declined significantly in the Asian countries during the 1990s.

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A country's trade balance is in surplus when:


A) its exports are more than its imports.
B) it experiences negative inflation.
C) its exports equal the imports.
D) the prices of commodities are low in the country.

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Which of the following arguments is in favor of floating exchange rates?


A) A country's ability to expand or contract its money supply should be limited by the need to maintain exchange rate parity.
B) Maintaining balance of trade equilibrium is not in the best interest of a country.
C) Countries can isolate themselves from uncertainties when they trade using a mutually agreed on exchange rate.
D) Governments can restore monetary control by removing the obligation to maintain exchange rate parity.

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Currencies of countries with currency boards will become uncompetitive and overvalued if:


A) local inflation rates remain higher than the inflation rate in the country to which the currency is pegged.
B) the country to which the currency is pegged experiences a trade deficit.
C) local inflation rates are lower than the inflation rate in the country to which the currency is pegged.
D) the country to which the currency is pegged experiences a trade surplus.

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The international monetary system refers to the institutional arrangements that govern exchange rates.

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Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a rigid policy of fixed exchange rates?


A) It is likely to create high unemployment in some cases.
B) It will lead to inflationary economies across the world.
C) It is likely to bring about trade wars between nations.
D) It will instigate competitive devaluations and intense competition.

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_____ limits the ability of the government to print money and, thereby, create inflationary pressures.


A) A dirty-float system
B) A managed-float system
C) The European Monetary System
D) A currency board system

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Which of the following is a common criticism against the International Monetary Fund?


A) IMF lacks any real mechanism for accountability.
B) It is hesitant to help banks when they are in crisis.
C) IMF has not intervened to resolve the Asian crisis.
D) It did not try to resolve the Mexican currency crisis.

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Which of the following arguments strengthen the idea of floating exchange rates?


A) External agencies should not interfere in the monetary policies of a country.
B) Trade deficits can be corrected through changes in exchange rates.
C) Changes in exchange rates will not impact the trade balance in a country.
D) Governments should act in ways to minimize the uncertainty in monetary markets.

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A _____ means the value of a currency is fixed relative to a reference currency.


A) pegged exchange rate
B) floating exchange rate
C) managed float system
D) fixed exchange rate

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Gold par value refers to the:


A) ratio of the price of gold in a currency to price of gold in U.S. dollars.
B) amount of a currency needed to purchase one ounce of gold.
C) ratio of price of gold in a currency to price of gold in euros.
D) amount of gold required to equal the reference currency that a nation is using.

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