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Which of the following answer is true?


A) Firms have long-run target dividend payout ratios.
B) Dividend changes follow shifts in long-term sustainable earnings.
C) Managers are reluctant to make dividend changes that might have to be reversed.
D) Firms have long-run target dividend payout ratios, dividend changes follow shifts in long-term sustainable earnings, and managers are reluctant to make dividend changes that might have to be reversed.

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If investors do not like dividends because of the additional taxes that they have to pay, how would you expect stock prices to behave on the ex-dividend date?


A) Fall by more than the amount of the dividend
B) Fall exactly by the amount of the dividend
C) Fall by less than the amount of the dividend
D) The result cannot be predicted.

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Australia follows an imputation tax system for the payment of taxes on dividends.

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Company X has 100 shares outstanding.It earns $1,000 per year and expects to pay all of it as dividends.If the firm expects to maintain this dividend forever, calculate the stock price today.(The required rate of return is 10 percent.)


A) $110
B) $100
C) $90
D) $10

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Generally, firms engage in stock repurchases during


A) boom times as firms accumulate excess cash.
B) recessions due to low stock prices.
C) times when competitor's stock prices are dropping.
D) recessions due to low stock prices and times when competitors? stock prices are dropping.

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Companies using a tender offer to repurchase shares typically offer a stock price greater than the current stock price.

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Dividend policy may affect firm value because


A) there is an unsatisfied clientele that prefers dividends to capital gains.
B) there is an unsatisfied clientele that prefers dividends to capital gains, and there are sufficient loopholes in the tax system that wealthy shareholders can avoid taxes on dividends.
C) there is an unsatisfied clientele that prefers dividends to capital gains, and well-managed companies prefer to signal their worth by paying high dividends.
D) there are sufficient loopholes in the tax system that wealthy shareholders can avoid taxes on dividends, and well-managed companies prefer to signal their worth by paying high dividends.

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Even if both dividends and capital gains are taxed at the same ordinary income tax rate, the effect of each type of tax is different because


A) capital gains are actually taxed, while dividends are taxed on paper only.
B) dividends are taxed when distributed, while capital gains are deferred until the stock is sold.
C) both dividends and capital gains are taxed every year.
D) capital gains are actually taxed, while dividends are taxed on paper; and both dividends and capital gains are taxed every year.

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If dividends are taxed more heavily than capital gains, then investors


A) should be willing to pay more for stocks with low dividend yields.
B) should be willing to pay more for stocks with high dividend yields.
C) should be willing to pay the same for stocks regardless of their dividend yields.
D) should be willing to pay more for stocks having infrequent share repurchases.

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A high-dividend policy is more difficult for a weak firm than for a strong firm because a weak firm likely will not have the cash to support it.

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A firm in Australia earns a pretax profit of $A10 per share.Suppose that it pays a corporate tax of $3 per share (30 percent tax rate) in taxes.The firm pays the remaining $A7 in dividends to a shareholder in the 40 percent marginal tax bracket.What is the amount of additional tax paid by the shareholder under an imputation tax system?


A) $A1
B) $0
C) $A4
D) $A5.80

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Generally, investors interpret the announcement of an increase in dividends as


A) bad news, and the stock price drops.
B) good news, and the stock price increases.
C) a nonevent that does not affect the stock price.
D) very bad news, and the stock price plunges.

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Miller and Modigliani's argument for dividend irrelevance assumes an efficient market.

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In 2009, JPMorgan Chase cut its dividend down to $0.05 per share and the bank's share price increased in response.

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Dividend policy changes are decided and announced by


A) the managers of a firm.
B) the government.
C) the board of directors.
D) the managers of a firm and the government.

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The par value of the outstanding shares is known as


A) retained earnings.
B) legal capital.
C) book value of equity.
D) additional paid-in capital.

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Company X has 100 shares outstanding.It earns $1,000 per year and expects to pay all of it as dividends.If the firm expects to maintain this dividend forever, calculate the stock price after the dividend payment.(The required rate of return is 10 percent.)


A) $110
B) $100
C) $90
D) $10

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Briefly explain how shareholders' returns are taxed twice in the United States.

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Shareholders' returns are taxed at the c...

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The dividend-irrelevance proposition of Miller and Modigliani depends on the following relationship between investment policy and dividend policy:


A) Changes in investment policy will alter dividend policy.
B) Changes in dividend policy will alter investment policy.
C) Investment policy is independent of dividend policy.
D) Dividends are tax-deductible and investments are depreciable.

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Consider the procedure whereby the firm states a series of prices at which it is prepared to repurchase stock.Shareholders then submit offers indicating how many shares they wish to sell and at which price.The firm then calculates the lowest price at which it is able to buy the desired number of shares.This procedure is known as a(n)


A) open market repurchase.
B) Dutch auction.
C) green mail.
D) tender offer.

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