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Stakeholders benefit in the long run from companies making the right choices.

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The standards that govern how members of a profession should conduct themselves are called organizational ethics.

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Trust refers to the esteem or high repute that people or organizations gain when they behave ethically.

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A company that expects its managers to behave ethically to the degree that they stay within the law is acting with a(n) _____ approach.


A) accommodative
B) proactive
C) defensive
D) obstructionist
E) offensive

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"An ethical decision is one that a typical person in a society would think is acceptable"; this is a statement that reflects the practical rule.

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Which of the following statements is true about ethics?


A) Ethics and laws are fixed principles.
B) Ethical beliefs remain constant as time passes.
C) Laws change to reflect the changing ethical beliefs of a society.
D) Absolute and indisputable rules and principles can be developed to decide whether an action is ethical or unethical.
E) Ethics evolve over time, but laws related to ethical beliefs remain constant.

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Moral principles or beliefs about what is the right or appropriate way to behave are known as ethics.

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The guiding practices and beliefs through which a particular firm and its managers view their responsibilities to stakeholders are called _____.


A) societal ethics
B) occupational ethics
C) individual ethics
D) organizational ethics
E) governmental ethics

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Which of the following statements is true of the practical rule of ethical decision making?


A) This rule emphasizes on distributing benefits and harms in an equitable way.
B) This rule states that it is acceptable for a company to choose an unethical action if the action provides the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
C) This rule requires managers to determine the fair or unfair rules and procedures for distributing outcomes to stakeholders.
D) This rule states that an ethical decision is one that a manager will be hesitant or reluctant to communicate to people outside the company because the typical person in a society would think it is unacceptable.
E) This rule ensures that managers will take into account the interests of all the stakeholders.

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The idea that the pursuit of self-interest with no consideration for societal interests leads to disaster is called the _____.


A) "tragedy of the commons"
B) "market for lemons"
C) "halo effect"
D) "race to the bottom"
E) "prisoner's dilemma"

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The president at Protector's Insurance takes pride in the fact that his organization strives to behave legally and ethically. The company advocates an approach that tries to balance the interests of different stakeholders in relation to the claims of other stakeholders. What approach to social responsibility is the organization implementing?


A) Accommodative
B) Proactive
C) Defensive
D) Obstructionist
E) Offensive

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Managers are a vital stakeholder group because they are responsible for using a company's resources to increase its performance and thus its stock price.

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Bryan is the manager of a company which has been judged as having the best corporate reputation for two years in a row, based on a survey of country-wide consumers. This company is well known for its:


A) compensation benefits.
B) ethical culture.
C) selection process.
D) goal-setting process.
E) strong leadership.

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_____ companies are often at the forefront of campaigns for causes such as a pollution-free environment; recycling and conservation of resources; the minimization or elimination of the use of animals in drug and cosmetics testing; and the reduction of crime, illiteracy, and poverty.


A) Accommodative
B) Defensive
C) Reactive
D) Proactive
E) Obstructionist

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Which of the following statements is true about the role of organizational culture?


A) The limited authority of ethics ombudsperson restricts organizational members in any department to communicate instances of unethical behavior by their managers or coworkers for fear of retribution.
B) Ethics ombudspeople can provide guidance when organizational members are uncertain about whether an action is ethical.
C) If top managers are perceived as being self-interested and not ethical, their subordinates are more likely to behave in an ethical manner.
D) When ethical values and norms are part of an organization's culture, they help organizational members focus mainly on self-interested action.
E) The actions of top managers such as CEOs are seldom scrutinized for ethical improprieties as their actions are independent of the values of their organizations.

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Web sites like Napster that allow free downloading of songs and movies illustrate the "tragedy of the commons" because pursuit of self interest only destroys societal interest.

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Which of the following statements is true of organizational ethics?


A) Employees are much more likely to act unethically when a credo exists.
B) Employees are more likely to act unethically when the company's top managers consistently endorse the ethical principles in its corporate credo.
C) Top managers play the least important role in determining a company's ethics.
D) The individual ethics of a company's founders and top managers are especially important in shaping the organization's code of ethics.
E) They are standards that govern how members of a profession, trade, or craft should conduct themselves when performing work-related activities.

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Describe the four rules of ethical decision making and discuss their managerial implications.

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The four rules of ethical decision makin...

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Which of the following is a method by which a company can act ethically toward employees and meet their expectations?


A) By improving their products over time and providing guarantees to customers about the integrity of their products
B) By selling customers quality products at a fair price and providing good after-sales service.
C) By maximizing the stockholders' return on investments
D) By creating an occupational structure that fairly and equitably rewards organizational members for their contributions
E) By implementing a high power distance culture and discouraging decentralized decision making

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The utilitarian rule states that an ethical decision is a decision that:


A) best protects the rights of people affected.
B) produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
C) distributes benefits and harms in an impartial manner.
D) can be communicated with no reluctance.
E) increases the financial effectiveness of the organization.

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