Question 1

Fossils that have characteristics of two different groups of organisms are called

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial fossils.
B)  analogous fossils.
C)  homologous fossils.
D)  transitional fossils.
E)  founder fossils.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D) D

Question 2

Which of the following was a geologist who wrote The Principles of Geology,a very important book in helping Darwin shape the theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cuvier
B)  Lamarck
C)  Fitzroy
D)  Lyell
E)  WallaceF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Figure: 
-This figure shows the three different types of natural selection.What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive selection
B)  directional selection
C)  genetic drift selection
D)  stabilizing selection
E)  adaptive selectionF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

The equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 describes

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of evolution.
B)  the size of a population.
C)  the rate of speciation of species p and q.
D)  the genotype and allele frequency of a population.
E)  the phenotypic frequency of a population.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D) D

Question 5

Which of the following most clearly reflects the thought of Lamarck rather than that of Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population is able to produce more offspring than the environment can support.
B)  Only certain members of a population survive and reproduce.
C)  The members of a population have inheritable variations.
D)  Any acquired change an organism gains over its life can be passed on to its offspring.
E)  Natural selection results in a population adapting to the local environment.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Besides mutation,which of the following is important in generating phenotypic differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual reproduction
B)  genetic drift
C)  gene flow
D)  stabilizing selection
E)  microevolutionF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Structures that are anatomically similar because they are inherited from a recent common ancestor are called

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial structures.
B)  analogous structures.
C)  transitional structures.
D)  directional structures.
E)  homologous structures.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Lamarck's theory of evolution included the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  the continual stretching of a giraffe's neck to reach leaves led to longer necks.
B)  local catastrophes cause mass extinctions.
C)  species are only produced through special creation.
D)  species are unchanged over time.
E)  natural selection is the driving force behind evolution.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

When only a few individuals survive unfavorable times,thereby losing a majority of genotypes in the next generation,it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial selection.
B)  the bottleneck effect.
C)  the founder effect.
D)  the transition effect.
E)  coevolution.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

If two adjacent populations of the same species show gene flow,then the two populations will

Accepted Answer

A)  become more similar in their gene pools.
B)  become isolated from each other.
C)  develop into different species.
D)  adapt to different conditions and become separate.
E)  develop into a species and a sub-species.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Which line of evidence developed since the time of Darwin has strengthened support for his theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative anatomy
B)  biogeography
C)  fossil record
D)  comparative embryology
E)  comparative biochemistryF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

If you were a biologist studying the type of natural selection where an extreme phenotype is favored and the distribution curve shifts toward that phenotype,what would you be studying?

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive selection
B)  directional selection
C)  genetic drift selection
D)  stabilizing selection
E)  adaptive selectionF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

DNA sequences that differ by a single nucleotide are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations.
B)  single nucleotide polymorphisms.
C)  gentoypes.
D)  gene pools.
E)  heterozygotes.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Structures which are fully developed in one group of organisms but reduced or possibly nonfunctional in a similar group are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial structures.
B)  analogous structures.
C)  transitional structures.
D)  directional structures.
E)  homologous structures.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The raw material for evolutionary change is

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow.
B)  genetic drift.
C)  mutation.
D)  nonrandom reproduction.
E)  natural selection.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

When one group of organisms gives rise to several other groups of organisms,the original group is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  a transitional ancestor.
B)  a common ancestor.
C)  a homologous ancestor.
D)  an analogous ancestor.
E)  a vestigial ancestor.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

A type of nonrandom mating that occurs when individuals tend to mate with those having the same phenotype with respect to certain characteristics is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive mating.
B)  directional mating.
C)  artificial mating.
D)  assortative mating.
E)  homologous mating.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following did Darwin suggest was the mechanism for evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection
B)  Analogous selection
C)  Artificial selection
D)  Founder selection
E)  Bottleneck selectionF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Africa,Asia,South America,and Antarctica share some patterns of primitive (fossil) plants and early reptiles,but do not have similar mammal populations.This,therefore

Accepted Answer

A)  casts serious doubts upon the theory of continental drift and fused land masses.
B)  is an unsolved puzzle,probably due to the random nature of biological evolution.
C)  suggests that a pattern of land bridges existed at different times in geological history.
D)  suggests that the earlier plants and reptiles evolved while continents were joined,but mammals radiated into diverse groups after separation.
E)  suggests that mammals evolved earlier while continents were joined,but plants and reptiles radiated into diverse groups after separation.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

In a population of pepper moths,the frequency of the DD genotype (dark-colored) is 0.25,and the frequency of the dd genotype (light-colored) is 0.25.What would be the frequency of the Dd genotype (dark-colored) in the next generation,assuming a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.25
B)  0.5
C)  0.75
D)  0.1
E)  1.0F) All of the above
G) B) and E) B

Exam 14: Evidence of Evolution

Fossils that have characteristics of two different groups of organisms are called

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following was a geologist who wrote The Principles of Geology,a very important book in helping Darwin shape the theory of natural selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure: -This figure shows the three different types of natural selection.What does "C" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 describes

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following most clearly reflects the thought of Lamarck rather than that of Darwin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Besides mutation,which of the following is important in generating phenotypic differences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Structures that are anatomically similar because they are inherited from a recent common ancestor are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lamarck's theory of evolution included the idea that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When only a few individuals survive unfavorable times,thereby losing a majority of genotypes in the next generation,it is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If two adjacent populations of the same species show gene flow,then the two populations will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which line of evidence developed since the time of Darwin has strengthened support for his theory of natural selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were a biologist studying the type of natural selection where an extreme phenotype is favored and the distribution curve shifts toward that phenotype,what would you be studying?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA sequences that differ by a single nucleotide are termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Structures which are fully developed in one group of organisms but reduced or possibly nonfunctional in a similar group are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The raw material for evolutionary change is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When one group of organisms gives rise to several other groups of organisms,the original group is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A type of nonrandom mating that occurs when individuals tend to mate with those having the same phenotype with respect to certain characteristics is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following did Darwin suggest was the mechanism for evolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Africa,Asia,South America,and Antarctica share some patterns of primitive (fossil) plants and early reptiles,but do not have similar mammal populations.This,therefore

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a population of pepper moths,the frequency of the DD genotype (dark-colored) is 0.25,and the frequency of the dd genotype (light-colored) is 0.25.What would be the frequency of the Dd genotype (dark-colored) in the next generation,assuming a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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D

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The equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1 describes

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D

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B