Question 1

The tendency to attribute successful behavior to internal, personal characteristics is to _____ as the tendency to blame ourselves for our failures while downplaying our successes is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-serving bias; self-effacing bias
B)  fundamental attribution bias; just-world hypothesis
C)  self-effacing bias; self-serving bias
D)  hindsight bias; blaming the victim

Question 2

Sylvester was thrilled when he received a large bonus from his company. Later that day, when he was asked if he could volunteer a few hours to help at the Food Bank, he readily agreed. This example best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  the "feel good, do good" effect.
B)  the bystander effect.
C)  the self-serving bias.
D)  hindsight bias.

Question 3

Lovejoy thinks that all teenagers are reckless, promiscuous, irresponsible delinquents. Mrs. Lovejoy appears to be associating qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define this particular age group. This example illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotyped thinking.
B)  the rule of reciprocity.
C)  prosocial thinking.
D)  cognitive dissonance.

Question 4

Several of the people ahead of Kyle in the checkout line at the cafeteria put loose change in a charitable donation box. According to your textbook:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is very unlikely that Kyle will make a donation too.
B)  the helping behavior of others has no influence on personal helping behavior.
C)  it is quite probable that Kyle will make a donation too.
D)  Kyle will only make a donation in this situation if he is in a bad mood.

Question 5

Your textbook suggests that the sheer number of bystanders who observed the death of Kitty Genovese may have been a factor in these people's decision not to give her assistance because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnocentrism.
B)  the rule of reciprocity.
C)  the diffusion of responsibility.
D)  the in-group homogeneity effect.

Question 6

When Marsha continued to waver on her decision to buy a new computer, the salesperson finally said to her, "If you buy this computer system today, I'll throw in a larger hard drive and a couple of computer games for your kids. Have we got a deal?" The salesperson appears to be using the _____ technique to persuade Marsha to buy the computer system.

Accepted Answer

A)  foot-in-the-door
B)  door-in-the-face
C)  that's-not-all
D)  devil's advocate

Question 7

Solomon Asch set up an experimental situation in which participants were asked to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to answer a straightforward question, namely:

Accepted Answer

A)  Would people obey an authority figure even if it meant hurting others?
B)  Would people intervene and help a person in trouble in the presence of others?
C)  Would people still conform to the group if the group opinion was clearly wrong?
D)  Would prejudice be reduced if members of different groups were brought into contact with each other?

Question 8

Which of the following psychologists began a series of studies in the 1960s investigating the factors involved in determining whether a person will help a stranger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram
B)  Bibb Latané and John Darley
C)  Phil Zimbardo and Solomon Asch
D)  Muzafer Sherif and Phil Zimbardo

Question 9

Psychological research has shown that resisting the direct orders of an authority figure:

Accepted Answer

A)  is virtually impossible.
B)  is more likely if two or more people join in resisting or disagreeing with the authority's orders.
C)  is easier for people who are low in levels of ethnocentrism.
D)  is more likely to occur in individualistic cultures than in collectivistic cultures.

Question 10

During Stanley Milgram's original obedience study, most of the subjects:

Accepted Answer

A)  showed virtually no emotions or feelings while shocking the learner.
B)  quickly figured out that the experimental situation was bogus and that the learner was not really getting shocked.
C)  showed extreme tension and conflict as they continued to shock the learner.
D)  refused to obey the experimenter beyond the 150-volt level.

Question 11

A middle-aged woman is sitting on a bench in the busy shopping mall, holding her head in her hands, visibly upset and crying. Nobody stops to see if she needs assistance. Based on what you read in the text, the most likely explanation for why nobody helps in this situation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the in-group homogeneity effect.
B)  diffusion of responsibility.
C)  the rule of reciprocity.
D)  the just-world hypothesis.

Question 12

Of the following factors, which is NOT one that will make you more likely to conform to the group's norms?

Accepted Answer

A)  You have already expressed commitment to a different idea or opinion.
B)  You are strongly attracted to the group and want to be a member of it.
C)  You are facing a unanimous majority of four or five people.
D)  You must give your response in front of the group.

Question 13

If a cross-cultural researcher investigates conformity in both collectivistic cultures and individualistic cultures, she is generally likely to find that:

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity tends to be higher in collectivistic cultures compared to individualistic cultures.
B)  conformity tends to be lower in collectivistic cultures compared to individualistic cultures.
C)  there is no difference in the level of conformity between collectivistic cultures and individualistic cultures.
D)  conformity in individualistic cultures does not seem to carry the same negative connotations that it does in collectivistic cultures.

Question 14

Professional persuaders use a number of techniques to influence attitudes and behaviors. Which of the following is NOT one of those techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  the door-in-the-face technique
B)  the foot-in-the-door technique
C)  the foot-in-the-mouth technique
D)  the that's-not-all technique

Question 15

Psychologists use the term explicit cognition to describe the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive schemas or mental frameworks we hold about traits and behaviors associated with different types of people.
B)  deliberate, conscious mental processes involved in perceptions, judgments, decisions, and reasoning.
C)  tendency to overestimate one's ability to have foreseen or predicted the outcome of an event.
D)  automatic, nonconscious mental processes that influence perceptions, judgments, decisions, and reasoning.

Question 16

Milgram described the details of his experimental design to three groups: psychiatrists, college students, and middle-class adults. He asked each group to predict how subjects would behave. The results of this survey showed:

Accepted Answer

A)  only the psychiatrists' predictions were correct.
B)  all three groups correctly predicted the outcome of the experiment.
C)  all three groups were wrong in their predictions.
D)  only the college students' predictions were correct.

Question 17

Leslie is concerned about the environment and consistently sorts her garbage by placing paper, plastic, metal, and glass in their respective recycling containers. This example best illustrates the _____ component of attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive
B)  emotional
C)  biological
D)  behavioral

Question 18

In the process of person perception, we initially form a very rapid first impression based largely on looking at other people's faces. According to the textbook, if you glanced at a stranger's face for only one tenth of a second:

Accepted Answer

A)  it would be impossible to form any kind of impression of the person.
B)  you would have to rely entirely on the process of explicit cognition to arrive at an impression of the person in that amount of time.
C)  you could evaluate the other person's attractiveness, likeability, competence, trustworthiness, and aggressiveness.
D)  you could arrive at an impression of the person's physical attractiveness, but would not be able to infer any other characteristics about the person in that brief time period.

Question 19

Patty is participating in a study that involves exposure to words presented one at a time on a computer screen. At regular intervals, Patty is presented with questionnaires assessing how she is feeling, psychologically, at that moment. Based on the information presented in your textbook, what effect will words associated with hotter temperatures have on Patty's feelings? The hotter temperature words will make Patty feel:

Accepted Answer

A)  happy.
B)  sleepy.
C)  altruistic.
D)  hostile.

Question 20

Although the _____ is common in individualistic cultures, such as Australia and the United States, in collectivistic cultures, such as Japan and China, the _____ is more common.

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias; fundamental attribution bias
B)  blaming the victim bias; just-world hypothesis
C)  self-serving bias; self-effacing bias
D)  self-effacing bias; self-serving bias

Exam 11: Section 2: Social Psychology

Several of the people ahead of Kyle in the checkout line at the cafeteria put loose change in a charitable donation box. According to your textbook:

Correct Answer
verified

Although the _ is common in individualistic cultures, such as Australia and the United States, in collectivistic cultures, such as Japan and China, the _ is more common.

Correct Answer
verified

If a cross-cultural researcher investigates conformity in both collectivistic cultures and individualistic cultures, she is generally likely to find that:

Correct Answer
verified

Solomon Asch set up an experimental situation in which participants were asked to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to answer a straightforward question, namely:

Correct Answer
verified

Lovejoy thinks that all teenagers are reckless, promiscuous, irresponsible delinquents. Mrs. Lovejoy appears to be associating qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define this particular age group. This example illustrates:

Correct Answer
verified

A middle-aged woman is sitting on a bench in the busy shopping mall, holding her head in her hands, visibly upset and crying. Nobody stops to see if she needs assistance. Based on what you read in the text, the most likely explanation for why nobody helps in this situation is:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the process of person perception, we initially form a very rapid first impression based largely on looking at other people's faces. According to the textbook, if you glanced at a stranger's face for only one tenth of a second:

Correct Answer
verified

Sylvester was thrilled when he received a large bonus from his company. Later that day, when he was asked if he could volunteer a few hours to help at the Food Bank, he readily agreed. This example best illustrates:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following psychologists began a series of studies in the 1960s investigating the factors involved in determining whether a person will help a stranger?

Correct Answer
verified

Leslie is concerned about the environment and consistently sorts her garbage by placing paper, plastic, metal, and glass in their respective recycling containers. This example best illustrates the _____ component of attitudes.

Correct Answer
verified

Milgram described the details of his experimental design to three groups: psychiatrists, college students, and middle-class adults. He asked each group to predict how subjects would behave. The results of this survey showed:

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following factors, which is NOT one that will make you more likely to conform to the group's norms?

Correct Answer
verified

Psychological research has shown that resisting the direct orders of an authority figure:

Correct Answer
verified

Professional persuaders use a number of techniques to influence attitudes and behaviors. Which of the following is NOT one of those techniques?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

During Stanley Milgram's original obedience study, most of the subjects:

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency to attribute successful behavior to internal, personal characteristics is to _ as the tendency to blame ourselves for our failures while downplaying our successes is to _.

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists use the term explicit cognition to describe the:

Correct Answer
verified

Your textbook suggests that the sheer number of bystanders who observed the death of Kitty Genovese may have been a factor in these people's decision not to give her assistance because of:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Section 2: Social Psychology

Several of the people ahead of Kyle in the checkout line at the cafeteria put loose change in a charitable donation box. According to your textbook:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the _____ is common in individualistic cultures, such as Australia and the United States, in collectivistic cultures, such as Japan and China, the _____ is more common.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a cross-cultural researcher investigates conformity in both collectivistic cultures and individualistic cultures, she is generally likely to find that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Solomon Asch set up an experimental situation in which participants were asked to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to answer a straightforward question, namely:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lovejoy thinks that all teenagers are reckless, promiscuous, irresponsible delinquents. Mrs. Lovejoy appears to be associating qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define this particular age group. This example illustrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A middle-aged woman is sitting on a bench in the busy shopping mall, holding her head in her hands, visibly upset and crying. Nobody stops to see if she needs assistance. Based on what you read in the text, the most likely explanation for why nobody helps in this situation is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process of person perception, we initially form a very rapid first impression based largely on looking at other people's faces. According to the textbook, if you glanced at a stranger's face for only one tenth of a second:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sylvester was thrilled when he received a large bonus from his company. Later that day, when he was asked if he could volunteer a few hours to help at the Food Bank, he readily agreed. This example best illustrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following psychologists began a series of studies in the 1960s investigating the factors involved in determining whether a person will help a stranger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Leslie is concerned about the environment and consistently sorts her garbage by placing paper, plastic, metal, and glass in their respective recycling containers. This example best illustrates the _____ component of attitudes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Milgram described the details of his experimental design to three groups: psychiatrists, college students, and middle-class adults. He asked each group to predict how subjects would behave. The results of this survey showed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following factors, which is NOT one that will make you more likely to conform to the group's norms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychological research has shown that resisting the direct orders of an authority figure:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professional persuaders use a number of techniques to influence attitudes and behaviors. Which of the following is NOT one of those techniques?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During Stanley Milgram's original obedience study, most of the subjects:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to attribute successful behavior to internal, personal characteristics is to _____ as the tendency to blame ourselves for our failures while downplaying our successes is to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists use the term explicit cognition to describe the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your textbook suggests that the sheer number of bystanders who observed the death of Kitty Genovese may have been a factor in these people's decision not to give her assistance because of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Although the _ is common in individualistic cultures, such as Australia and the United States, in collectivistic cultures, such as Japan and China, the _ is more common.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The tendency to attribute successful behavior to internal, personal characteristics is to _ as the tendency to blame ourselves for our failures while downplaying our successes is to _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified