Question 1

Actions that help others with no direct benefit to the individual are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  empathy.
B)  antisocial.
C)  role-taking.
D)  altruism.

Question 2

Research has shown that moral reasoning is NOT related to moral behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Relational aggression is more common in boys than girls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Girls who are passive victims of aggression tend to have mothers who are overprotective or emotionally overinvolved with them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements best reflects the relation between viewing television violence and aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viewing TV violence and aggressive behavior are related only in laboratory settings and not in naturalistic settings.
B)  Viewing TV violence is the primary cause of aggression in children.
C)  Children exposed to too much media violence often grow up to be aggressive and violent adults.
D)  There is no relation between viewing TV violence and aggressive behavior in children.

Question 6

Hans' mother told him that it is wrong to lie,so Hans thinks people shouldn't lie because then they won't get punished.Hans is in Kohlberg's stage called

Accepted Answer

A)  interpersonal norms.
B)  instrumental orientation.
C)  obedience orientation.
D)  social contract orientation.

Question 7

Repeated exposure to reasoning during discipline seems to promote prosocial behavior in children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following children is LEAST likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antoine,whose parents volunteer weekly at the local nursing home
B)  Bianca,who has warn,supportive parents who frequently engage in emotional discussions with her
C)  Clemson,who helps his grandmother with her laundry
D)  Devinia,who is discouraged by her parents from volunteering at the YMCA

Question 9

In a longitudinal study of self-control,researchers found that self-control in 4-year-olds

Accepted Answer

A)  was negatively related to their self-control as teenagers (i.e. ,4-year-olds with the most self-control had the least self-control as teenagers) .
B)  was positively related to their self-control as teenagers (i.e. ,4-year-olds with the greatest self-control had the greatest self-control as teenagers) .
C)  was not related to their self-control as teenagers.
D)  was not stable over time.

Question 10

Rebecca responded to the Heinz dilemma by saying "Heinz shouldn't steal the drug because stealing is against the law and our society has to outlaw theft in order to be a good place to live." Rebecca is in Kohlberg's __________ stage of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A)  interpersonal norms
B)  universal ethical principles
C)  social system morality
D)  instrumental orientation

Question 11

At about __________ months of age,children have internalized some control and are capable of some control in their parents' absence.

Accepted Answer

A)  6
B)  12
C)  24
D)  48

Question 12

It's a cold and snowy day,and it's tempting to skip class for the day to avoid going out in the weather.What could you do to make it easier to resist that temptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tell yourself that if you skip class just this once,you'll be less likely to do it on other days.
B)  Think of all the fun outdoor activities like cross country skiing and sledding that you could do in the snow.
C)  Remind yourself that it'll be a lot easier to get an "A" in your class if you go to class every day.
D)  Think about how nice it would be to curl up with your textbook and a cup of hot chocolate at home.

Question 13

Exposure at the community level to violence and pro-aggression attitudes leads adolescents to seek punishment for others who engage in aggressive and violent behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Studies of child temperament,parental requests,and self-control indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  fearful children comply with parental requests because of the strong attachment fearful children have with their parents.
B)  fearful children comply with parental requests because out of distress caused by fear of misdeeds.
C)  fearful children comply with parental requests when parents appeal to the child to cooperate.
D)  child temperament is not related to compliance and self-control.

Question 15

Aggressive and antisocial behavior is less common among people living in poverty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Chip,an aggressive child,is walking down a sidewalk when someone bumps into him.How is Chip most likely to interpret the situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chip is likely to assume the bump was an accident.
B)  Chip is likely to feel like it was his fault someone bumped into him because he wasn't watching where he was going.
C)  Chip is likely to assume there was hostile intent behind the bump.
D)  Chip is likely to not notice the bump and go on his way.

Question 17

A child's belief that breaking a rule always leads to punishment is called immanent justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by personal,moral principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional level
B)  conventional level
C)  postconventional level
D)  empathic level

Question 19

Aggression is behavior that is meant to harm others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The beginnings of self-control occur when children

Accepted Answer

A)  internalize some of the external controls placed on them.
B)  become capable of self-regulation.
C)  realize that other people impose demands on them and expect them to react accordingly.
D)  can delay gratification.

Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

A child's belief that breaking a rule always leads to punishment is called immanent justice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It's a cold and snowy day,and it's tempting to skip class for the day to avoid going out in the weather.What could you do to make it easier to resist that temptation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repeated exposure to reasoning during discipline seems to promote prosocial behavior in children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chip,an aggressive child,is walking down a sidewalk when someone bumps into him.How is Chip most likely to interpret the situation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hans' mother told him that it is wrong to lie,so Hans thinks people shouldn't lie because then they won't get punished.Hans is in Kohlberg's stage called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rebecca responded to the Heinz dilemma by saying "Heinz shouldn't steal the drug because stealing is against the law and our society has to outlaw theft in order to be a good place to live." Rebecca is in Kohlberg's __________ stage of moral reasoning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relational aggression is more common in boys than girls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Girls who are passive victims of aggression tend to have mothers who are overprotective or emotionally overinvolved with them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aggressive and antisocial behavior is less common among people living in poverty.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exposure at the community level to violence and pro-aggression attitudes leads adolescents to seek punishment for others who engage in aggressive and violent behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by personal,moral principles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At about __________ months of age,children have internalized some control and are capable of some control in their parents' absence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The beginnings of self-control occur when children

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Actions that help others with no direct benefit to the individual are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a longitudinal study of self-control,researchers found that self-control in 4-year-olds

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that moral reasoning is NOT related to moral behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best reflects the relation between viewing television violence and aggressive behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following children is LEAST likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aggression is behavior that is meant to harm others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of child temperament,parental requests,and self-control indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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