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Exam 5: Learning

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Question 61

Multiple Choice

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What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

A) positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement
B) negative reinforcement
C) punishment
D) positive reinforcement

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Question 62

Multiple Choice

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The idea that for classical conditioning to occur, the presentation of the conditioned stimulus must tell you something about whether the unconditioned stimulus is going to occur is called ________ theory.

A) social learning
B) contingency
C) operant conditioning
D) autonomic conditioning

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Question 63

Multiple Choice

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The fact that a reward will increase the future likelihood of a response that produced it is known as:

Mark and Kathy take their 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday. Each week, the same sequence of events unfolds: Their son screams, demanding that they buy him treats. Although they refuse to give in to his demands, he continues to scream. Finally, either Mark or Kathy gets in their son's face and yells at the top of their lungs "Shut up!" He stops screaming instantly. What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?

Shaping is achieved through:

In the experiment with Little Albert, the conditioned stimulus was ________.

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called ________.

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

Most young children put their hands over their ears when they hear the loud boom of firecrackers at a Fourth of July festival, but at first pay scant attention to the person lighting the firecrackers. However, after just a few firecrackers have been exploded, some of the children put their hands over their ears as soon as they see the person approach the firecracker with a match! What is the conditioned stimulus?

The concept of latent learning was developed by ________.

In classical conditioning, when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response, the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a/an ________ stimulus.

Karawynn Long attempted to toilet train her cat. The principle of learning that was in operation was ________.

The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called ________.

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park. One day when you arrive at the park, you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years, and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park. Even though the paths are complicated and twisted, you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin. Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of ________.

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission. For every car Perry sells, he gets 10% of the profits. Perry is being reinforced on a ________ schedule.

In order to get her 3^rd grade students to memorize the poem written on the chalkboard, Mrs. Thyberg gives the students stickers for each poem they can recite from memory. After earning 5 stickers, a student gets to pick a prize out of the goody box. Mrs. Thyberg is using a(n) ________ to modify the children's behaviors.

Which of the following is TRUE of research on insight?

Maricella works as a seamstress. Her boss tells her that every time she completes five shirts, she will receive $5. When done with the five shirts, she dumps them into a bin and gets paid. Her pattern of shirt completion is most likely to be ________.

After Little Albert acquired a conditioned fear of rats, Watson wanted to see how he would react to a white rabbit, cotton wool, and a Santa Claus mask. He was studying whether or not ________ had occurred.