Exam 7: The Media

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A) during the administration of James Monroe in the 1810s.
B) in the early twentieth century by a public relations firm working for a railroad.
C) by Franklin Roosevelt in 1933.
D) by P. T. Barnum as a way of publicizing his circus.
E) by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War.

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A) how prominent political figures inevitably fail to influence media coverage on important events.
B) how selection bias is much less important than ideological bias in understanding media coverage.
C) how the preferences of better educated and more affluent segments of the audience have little influence over the content of media coverage.
D) the declining homogenization of national news since passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
E) how prominent political figures can manipulate news coverage and secure the publication of stories that serve their purposes through leaking information to journalists.

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A) The act loosened federal restrictions on media ownership.
B) The act attempted to regulate the content of material transmitted over the Internet.
C) The act allowed broadcasters, telephone companies, and cable companies to compete with one another for telecommunications services.
D) Following passage of the act, several mergers between telephone and cable companies produced a greater concentration of media ownership.
E) The act required broadcasters who air programs on controversial issues to provide time for opposing views.

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A) The FCC was established in 1965 under President Lyndon Johnson.
B) The FCC licenses radio and television stations.
C) The FCC bans explicit sexual and excretory references on airwaves during certain hours of the day.
D) The FCC does not regulate newspapers.
E) The Telecommunications Act of 1996 loosened many FCC restrictions on media ownership.

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A) Wall Street.
B) political parties.
C) churches and other religious groups.
D) state governments.
E) the federal government.

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A) agenda setting.
B) framing.
C) sound bites.
D) news enclaves.
E) adversarial journalism.

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A) Newspapers are no longer the primary source of news for most Americans.
B) Newspaper reporters break most important news stories.
C) Political, social, and economic elites rely most heavily on newspapers.
D) The newspaper industry has been more profitable in recent years than ever before.
E) Newspapers tend to provide more detailed and complete coverage of political events than other media.

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A) précis.
B) spin.
C) sound bites.
D) news nuggets.
E) catchphrases.

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A) National news reporters, as opposed to local reporters with less access, are generally more favorable toward politicians.
B) Most radio news is essentially a headline service.
C) More local news reporters than national reporters are inclined to give politicians positive coverage.
D) Most television news offers more headlines and sound bites than analysis.
E) Politicians often seek to manipulate the news by providing the media with sound bites that will dominate news coverage for at least a few days.

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A) Wall Street Journal
B) Christian Science Monitor
C) Newsweek
D) USA Today
E) New York Times

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A) radio
B) television
C) the Internet
D) newspapers
E) magazines

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A) Federal Bureau of Investigation
B) Federal Communications Commission
C) Public Broadcast System
D) Voice of America
E) Department of Commerce

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