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According to the resource-based view of competitive advantage, if a firm is to maintain sustainable competitive advantage, it must control a set of exploitable resources that are valuable and can be substituted easily.

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Netscape, which once controlled more than 80 percent of the market share in Web browsers, lost its dominant position when customers migrated to Internet Explorer, Microsoft's Web browser. Internet Explorer was easy to install and had no significant differences in terms of usability. This example serves to illustrate that:


A) fast-following smaller firms are always ready with newer and possibly superior products.
B) customers of technology companies are becoming increasingly savvy and more demanding.
C) the open source nature of technology ensures that no firm can expect to monopolize a market.
D) firms need to employ increasingly stringent intellectual property norms to guard against infringements from smaller, competitive rivals.
E) firms with low switching costs can sometimes be rapidly overtaken by strong rivals with additional competitive advantages.

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Leveraging consumers to promote a product or service is known as _____.


A) straddling
B) affiliating
C) long tailing
D) crowdsourcing
E) viral marketing

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E

_____ exist when a product or service becomes more valuable as more people use it.

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A firm can benefit from high switching costs, even when rivals offer free products.

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_____ hold intellectual property not with the goal of bringing novel innovations to market but instead in hopes that they can sue or extort large settlements from others.

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Moving first pays off when the time lead is used to create:


A) the latest technology at a firm's production plant.
B) operational effectiveness to harness maximum profitability.
C) critical resources for competitive advantage.
D) high stock value to generate funds for expansion.
E) market entry to ensure sustainable competitive advantage.

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The internet is largely seen as lowering the entry barrier for new entrants, but firms that enter may have little chance of success unless they have a competitive advantage over existing rivals

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If there is the availability of a wide variety of undifferentiated commodity goods in a given market, and these products are available online, then bargaining power typically shifts to the buyer.

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True

Benefits related to a firm's size are referred to as _____.


A) network effects
B) brand recall
C) scale advantages
D) vertical integration
E) disintermediation

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Businesses benefit from economies of scale when the cost of an investment can be:


A) spread across increasing units of production.
B) used in serving a niche and loyal customer base.
C) used to build a brand image for products through advertising.
D) leveraged to recruit consumers to promote a product or service.
E) diverted to implementing technology upgrades in the business model.

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A

TiVo was a high-flying firm, whose name was synonymous with digital video recording. Why has the firm struggled to achieve consistent profitability?

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Rival devices offered by cable and satel...

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Operational effectiveness refers to:


A) the implementation of technology in a business context.
B) performing the same tasks better than rivals perform them.
C) the number of times inventory is sold or used during the course of a year.
D) performing different tasks or the same tasks in different ways.
E) matching the benefits of a successful position while maintaining an existing position.

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Metcalfe's Law is used to explain the concept of switching costs.

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Fast growing Groupon was able to dissuade rivals from entering its market because the firm's technology was so difficult to replicate.

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A salesperson's ability to effectively bargain with his/her consumers is called viral marketing.

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The _____ problem exists when rivals watch a pioneer's efforts, learn from their successes and missteps, and then enter the market quickly with a comparable or superior product at a lower cost.


A) late entrant
B) early starter
C) first mover
D) intellectual property
E) fast follower

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When technology can be matched quickly, it is rarely a source of competitive advantage.

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More recently, Apple has leveraged its _____ platform as a distribution channel to launch a new subscription service. Just nine months after launching the Apple Music, the firm had attracted over 13 million paying subscribers to its streaming service..

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Uber is an example of a business model that has strengthened the bargaining power of suppliers (cab drivers) with respect to middlemen who took a cut of their services (e.g. cab companies).

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